This study demonstrated a higher prevalence of HT, elevated TSH, anti-TPO, and anti-Tg levels in PCOS patients. Increased estrogen and estrogen/progesterone ratio seem to be directly involved in high anti-TPO levels in PCOS patients.

Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NC-PHPT) is a variant of hyperparathyroidism, characterized by normal serum calcium levels, high parathyroid hormone (PTH) and normal 25-OH vitamin D status. The present study aimed to compare complications related to hyperparathyroidism in patients with NC-PHPT and hypercalcemic PHPT (HC-PHPT). We retrospectively evaluated the records of 307 PHPT patients between January 2010 and March 2013. We excluded patients with impaired renal function and liver failure. All patients underwent a biochemical and hormonal examination including serum glucose, albumin, total calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, lipoproteins, PTH and 25-OH vitamin D. Nephrolithiasis and bone mineral density were documented based on a review of the medical records. The study population consisted of 36 (12 %) males and 271 (88 %) females with a mean age of 53.3 ± 9.5 years (29-70 years). Twenty-three of the patients were diagnosed with NC-PHPT (group 1) and 284 were diagnosed with HC-PHPT (group 2). There were no significant differences in terms of age, gender, prevalence of hypertension, low bone mineral density and kidney stones between the groups. The mean thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2. Our study found that patients with NC-PHPT have similar several complications as patients with HC-PHPT. NC-PHPT patients have higher TSH levels despite being within the normal range, and higher LDL-C levels than patients with HC-PHPT. However, this relationship needs to be clarified in future studies with larger cohorts.

There is increasing evidence that several cardiometabolic risk factors occur with higher prevalence in non-functioning adrenal incidentaloma patients compared to age-matched healthy subjects. In our study, hypertension prevalence and CIMT were higher in the NFAI group. Serum adipokine levels were similar for both groups.

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BackgroundThis study was performed to evaluate neck circumference (NC) and metabolic syndrome (MS) parameters in severe and non-severe (mild-moderate) obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients according to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).Material/MethodWe enrolled 44 patients diagnosed with OSAS based on overnight polysomnography. The diagnosis of OSAS was based on AHI. Apnea is a pause of airflow for more than 10 seconds. and hypopnea is a decrease of airflow for more than 10 seconds and oxygen desaturation of 4% or greater. AHI score. per hour; below 5 normal. 5–29 mild-moderate. 30 and above were grouped as severe OSAS. Height. weight. neck circumference (NC). waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) of the patients were measured. MS was diagnosed by the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria (≥3 of the following abnormalities): 1) WC ≥94 cm for males, ≥80 cm for females; 2) arterial blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg; 3) fasting blood glucose ≥100 mg/dl; 4) high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol <40 mg/dl in man, <50 mg/dl in women; 5) triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl.ResultsMean BMI and NC were higher in severe OSAS patients compared to non-severe patients (p=0.021. p<0.001). According to ATP III criteria. 64% of severe and 61.1% of non-severe OSAS patients were MS (p=0.847). A logistic regression model displayed an association with NC as a risk factor for severe OSAS (p=0.01). but not with MS.ConclusionsIn this study. NC in severe OSAS patients was significantly higher than in non-severe OSAS patients. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was not correlated with OSAS severity. NC is an independent risk factor for severe OSAS.

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Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage (SAH) is seen in the absence of trauma or adrenal tumor in adrenal glands. The incidence of SAH has been reported from 0.14% to 1.1% and it usually involves the right gland. During pregnancy, idiopathic unilateral SAH has been reported rarely. We present a case which comes to emergency department with an acute abdominal pain and the test results showed spontaneous left SAH.

A great BMI and large WC were associated with higher thyroid cancer risk in patients with FNAB diagnosis of HLN. Further studies are needed to use BMI or WC in the management of patients with HLN.