The objective of this work was to perform the phytochemical characterization, to determine total phenols, antioxidant (AAO%) and antimicrobial potential of the ethanolic extracts of carambola. The phytochemical study was carried out through a qualitative analysis of the chemical constituents and quantitative determination of the phenol content By the Folin-Ciocalteu test. Qualitative and quantitative antioxidant tests were performed using the DPPH method (2,2 diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazila) and iron reduction (FRAP). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by microdilution in 96-well plates. The presence of pyrogallic tannins, steroids and saponins has been identified. The highest total phenol content, quantified in the samples, was found in the stem bark (0.0866 mgEAG/g) and in the fruit (0.0734 mgEAG/g). In the antioxidant evaluation, the extracts of the green fruit bagasse (AAO% 71.9%,) and stem bark at 50 μg/mL (AAO% 94%) with CE50 23.7 μg/mL. Leaf extracts, stem bark, ripe fruit bagasse and green fruit bagasse presented MICs of 100 μg/mL against multiresistant pathogenic bacteria and fungi.
RESUMOA substituição da vegetação nativa no Brejo Paraibano, inicialmente por canade-açúcar e mais recentemente por pastagens, em relevo fortemente ondulado, causaram sérios problemas de degradação do solo. Atualmente, partes dessas pastagens estão dando lugar ao plantio de sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth). Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, analisar o efeito dessas mudanças nas propriedades físicas e químicas do solo e no desenvolvimento das raízes. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Areia, PB, em um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico. Os tratamentos foram representados por três diferentes usos: mata secundária, cultivo de sabiá e pastagem com braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens). As amostras de solo foram coletadas nas diferentes áreas, em três posições da encosta: parte superior, mediana e inferior. Em cada posição, coletou-se solo em três diferentes pontos em quatro profundidades: 0,0-2,5; 2,5-5,0; 5,0-10,0; e 10,0-20,0 cm, para análises físicas e de raízes. Foram feitas amostras compostas para as análises químicas e do conteúdo de argila. O experimento foi conduzido num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com medidas repetidas no espaço. Observou-se que a agregação, densidade e a porosidade total apresentaram melhores resultados na área de mata nativa secundária. A substituição da área de pasto por sabiá prejudicou a agregação, mas não alterou a densidade e a porosidade total do solo. Os teores de nutrientes foram maiores na área de sabiá, embora sejam significativos apenas para o K e a saturação por bases. As mudanças no uso do solo sempre causam degradação de suas propriedades físicas e químicas, mas, quando essa substituição é feita por um sistema menos agressivo, é difícil perceber modificações em pouco tempo de uso.Termos de indexação: agregação, carbono, mata nativa, Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia, pastagem.
Quilombola communities are present in many Brazilian states living in precarious health conditions. This is due to geographic isolation, limitations to the access of the area in which they live in, and the lack of quality in the service when it is needed to be provided. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the quality of life of women from a quilombola community in northeastern Brazil. It is an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study. 160 adult women were first interviewed through a form to collect a profile and then it was applied the WHOQOL Quality of Life questionnaire – bref. It was observed that the women were on average 40.7 years old (±17.25), married, self-declared black, who did not finish elementary school, housewife, had no income, with their own masonry house, with up to 6 rooms, supplied by a box of community treated water. Quality of Life had median scores in the domains: physical (3.18), psychological (3.4), social relationships (3.45) and environment (2.59). With this research, it was possible to characterize the quilombola community of Santa Luzia do Norte-AL regarding the difficulties of access to health and income generation, issues that affect their health condition. The problems described in this study can contribute to health actions being planned and carried out in order to improve socioeconomic and health conditions in this community, considering the social, political and environmental context, valuing their traditional knowledge and practices.
Scorpionic accidents are a major public health problem due to the high occurrence with potential seriousness. In this manner, the research aimed to analyze the occurrence of scorpionic accidents in a municipality in the northeastern of Brazil. An exploratory, descriptive study was made, with a quantitative approach, using secondary data which was gotten from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), from 2008 to 2018. Data such as neighborhood, presence of street markets were also used, and the existence of sanitation and climatic data such as temperature and season. Geoprocessing was used to identify possible changes in the environment. In the analyzed period, 9,330 cases of scorpion accidents were recorded, with an average of 848 annual notifications. Scorpionic accidents occurred more frequently in women (5,686; 60.94%). Individuals aged 20 to 29 years (1.727; 18.51%) were more frequent to scorpion stings. Regarding the body parts where the stings were made, the highlights were on the foot (3.515; 37.67%) followed by the hand (2.818; 30.20%). No statistically significant relation was observed between climatic factors and scorpionic accidents. However, the high number of cases of scorpionic accidents was observed in the last 11 years studied. It was evident that during the study period there was no statistical relationship when climatic factors were correlated to scorpionic accidents. On its turn, when it was verified the results of the geoprocessing analysis, it was seen that anthropic factors have been motivating the potentiation of the occurrence of these accidents.
Sistemas de culturas com milho sob semeadura direta na região Nordeste do Brasil.Ciência Rural, v.43, n.9, set, 2013.
Background The perennial cotton species Gossypium hirsutum L. r. marie-galante Hutch. and Gossypium barbadense L. are sources of variability for creating modern cotton varieties. However, these species are similar in shape and easily confused in young stages of their life, leading to di culties in identi cation based on their morphology. Thus, in this study, an Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) marker system was used as a measure of genetic differentiation among 28 genotypes of perennial cotton from a Brazilian collection. Methods and Results A set of eleven ISSR primers yielded 101 bands, of which 48 (47.5%) were polymorphic. The mean values of polymorphism information content (PIC=0.304) and polymorphism (P=45.8%) showed that the ISSR primers are moderately informative. The ISSR markers exposed the high genetic differentiation (G ST = 0.598) and a low level of gene ow (N m = 0.338) between species, which suggests a pattern of reproductive isolation. The Cluster Analysis, based on Nei's genetic identity, clustered the 28 genotypes into two groups consistent with the taxonomical delimitation, occurrence mode (semi-domesticated and improved types) and partial concordance with geographic origin. Bayesian model-based structural analysis also suggests the existence of two genetic groups (Delta K = 2) and high membership likelihood (Q>0.98).Conclusions The ISSR marker system offers a new molecular approach to differentiate the G. hirsutum L. r. marie-galante and G. barbadense L. species. This study can expand the molecular marker resources for the identi cation and improvement of our knowledge about the genetic relationships between perennial cotton genotypes from Brazilian collections.G. hirsutum L. r. marie-galante Landrace Paraíba, Brazil G. hirsutum L. r. marie-galante Landrace
In this sense the objective of assessing the levels of pesticide poisoning in rural farmers of San Sebastian and take AL, using acetylcholinesterase enzymes Erythrocyte and plasma as biological indicator of intoxication. This is a prospective, transversal and descriptive variables analyzed were: year whose, sex, age group, education, location, condition, route of exposure. The data were acquired by collecting blood samples and socio demographic information of farmers. Was put as the determining factor the type of conventional and organic farming, and periods of drought and rainy. 56 volunteers were analyzed. The analyses were performed in the automatic biochemical Analyzer Cobas Integra 400 plus®. According to the results of the analyses, it was the largest number of individuals with reduced values of cholinesterase, specifically the Group of conventional farming, the period of greatest change index was in the rainy season, where the activity of AChE, expressive values presented in the city of São Sebastião, with 80% result of intoxicated, in the city of the foot – take, 21.73% over the same period. On analysis of the AChP, São Sebastião has obtained the highest number of contaminated with 18.75% and 30% respectively, in the District Take Foot stood between 10 and 21.73% of reduced levels of cholinesterase. This sets the organic system of cultivation, as the best alternative for prevention of future diseases, in addition to bringing quality of life for rural workers, as well as for consumers.
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