Background Few studies explored Indonesian understanding of cervical cancer (CC) and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. We aimed to investigate the association between knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and socio-demographical influences related to HPV, CC, and vaccination among Indonesian urban citizens. Methods We conducted an online survey during March 2020-August 2021 using the Snowball sampling technique. The socio-demographic characteristic and KAP responses were collected via Google Forms from 400 respondents in Jakarta. The knowledge and attitudes were divided into HPV and CC (aspect 1) and HPV vaccination (aspect 2). Correlation between KAP scores was performed using Spearman’s test, and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine KAP predictors. Results Indonesian urban citizens in Jakarta were found to have poor knowledge in individual aspects of the inquiry but moderate knowledge overall, good attitude in inquiry both in each aspect and overall, and unsatisfying practices. Overall, in the general population, men, and women respectively: 50.8%, 32.4%, and 53.6% had good knowledge; 82.0%, 75.2%, and 84.4% expressed positive attitude; and 30.3%, 15.2%, and 35.6% applied favorable practice regarding questions inquired. Knowledge was weakly correlated towards attitude (ρ = 0.385) but moderately correlated with practice (ρ = 0.485); attitude was moderately correlated with practice (ρ = 0.577), all results: p<0.001. Significant odds ratio (OR) for predictors to good knowledge were female sex (OR = 2.99), higher education (OR = 2.91), and higher mother’s education (OR = 2.15). Factors related to positive attitudes were higher mother’s education (OR = 4.13), younger age (OR = 1.86), and better results in the knowledge inquiries (OR = 2.96). Factors that suggested better practices were female sex (OR = 2.33), being employed (OR = 1.68), excellent knowledge scores (OR = 4.56), and positive attitudes expressions (OR = 8.05). Having done one vaccination dose and intention to receive vaccines were significantly influenced by good KAP. Conclusions KAP had inter-association to successful CC and HPV prevention programs, and socio-demographical characteristics are critical to influencing better KAP.
Pendahuluan: Berat badan lebih (overweight) dan obesitas merupakan kondisi pandemik global yang prevalensinya terus meningkat. Kondisi ini juga banyak ditemukan pada wanita usia subur. Keadaan berat badan lebih dan obesitas pada kehamilan merupakan salah satu kondisi obstetri berisiko tinggi. Kondisi berat badan lebih dan obesitas terbukti dari berbagai penelitian dapat meningkatkan risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu dan janin, antara lain dapat meningkatkan risiko hipertensi dan diabetes gestasional pada masa antepartum, komplikasi intrapartum seperti distosia bahu, perdarahan postpartum, dan kegagalan induksi maupun persalinan pervaginam pasca bedah sesar. Selain itu, pada masa postpartum, obesitas terbukti meningkatkan risiko tromboemboli. Pada janin, obesitas dalam kehamilan meningkatkan risiko makrosomia dan kecacatan janin. Oleh karena itu, guideline-guideline dari Amerika, Kanada, Australia, serta Inggris menganjurkan tata laksana kolaboratif multidisiplin antara dokter umum, bidan, dokter spesialis obstetri dan ginekologi, ahli anestesi, ahli gizi, serta kedokteran olahraga dalam melakukan tata laksana pada ibu hamil dengan obesitas.
Kehamilan tidak diinginkan umumnya berdampak buruk bagi perempuan, terutama jika terjadi pada remaja perempuan. Kehamilan tidak diinginkan pada remaja perempuan dapat menyebabkan putus sekolah, gangguan pada kehamilan karena usia yang terlalu muda, ketidaksiapan mental remaja perempuan menghadapi perannya di masa yang akan datang, dan juga berdampak pada perkembangan anak yang dikandungnya.
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second-most common cancer in Indonesian women. While the cervical cancer screening has been integrated in Indonesian primary health-care facilities, the HPV vaccination has not yet become a national program. AIM: The objective of this research was to measure the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of medical students in Jakarta toward cervical cancer and its prevention. The result of this study could be implemented to develop a more comprehensive national educational program and public health policy. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study on medical students at 10 different universities in Jakarta, Indonesia. Student’s knowledge, attitude, and behavior were collected through a self-administered online questionnaire consist of a total of 27 questions concerning cervical cancer epidemiology, pathogenesis, screening, diagnosis, and prevention. RESULTS: A total of 2159 medical students participated in this study. More than half (55%) of the students obtained satisfactory knowledge score. The students’ knowledge regarding HPV vaccination was low. However, 87.2% of them agreed to get the HPV vaccination. Only 7.0% had participated in cervical cancer screening program and only 16.8% had received HPV vaccination. Female gender, second or third year of study, and three universities had better odds to have good practice score. CONCLUSION: The knowledge and attitude score did not reflect on student’s practice on cervical cancer and its prevention. Effort to increase the awareness toward cervical cancer should be endorsed through university curriculum and public health policy.
Background: Risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA) and risk of malignancy index (RMI) are two scoring systems that are commonly used to predict ovarian tumor malignancy. Literature shows different cutoff points for a different population.Objective: This study aims to validate and compare the performance of ROMA and RMI and also validate the cutoff points for Indonesian population. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (CMH). Medical records of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent surgery in our institution during 2010-2014 were collected. The diagnostic values of ROMA and RMI were calculated. Results: From the analysis of 213 subjects included in this study, ROMA was statistically better than RMI [AUC (area under the curve) in all groups: 87.
Pendahuluan: Kejahatan seksual banyak terjadi di Indonesia. Pada tahun 2010-2014, data dari Komisi Nasional Perlindungan Anak menunjukkan 42-62% dari seluruh kekerasan yang terjadi pada anak merupakan kejahatan seksual. Pelecehan seksual pada anak sering terjadi di tempat-tempat yang seharusnya menjadi tempat teraman bagi anak seperti di rumah atau di sekolah. Pelecehan seksual yang terjadi pada seorang anak dapat berupa verbal, non-verbal, maupun fisik, dan dapat berdampak pada anak secara fisik dan psikis. Peran dokter dalam kasus pelecehan seksual pada anak antara lain untuk pemeriksaan demi kepentingan peradilan serta tata laksana secara medis untuk mencegah dampak buruk jangka panjang yang dapat ditimbulkan dari korban pelecehan seksual.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Based on WHO data in 2011, it is estimated that more than 508,000 women worldwide died of breast cancer. In Indonesia, the prevalence of breast cancer is 26.5% of all cancer cases, in which become the second frequent cancer. To date, the treatments for breast cancer are surgery, radiation therapy, chemoradiation, or combination therapy. However, the high rate of complications and side effects caused led to the need for the development of other therapies. Gallic acid is known to have potential anticancer effects. Structure modification on gallic acid by esterification of carboxyl group into alkyl gallate derivatives would change the hydrophobicity, as well as change its solubility and cytotoxicity against cancer cells. In this research, ten gallic acid derivatives (alkyl gallates) have been synthesized from the esterification of gallic acid and corresponding alkyl alcohol. Purification of the derivatives were conducted by flash column chromatography on silica gel by using the mixture of chloroform and methanol as mobile phase. Cytotoxic activities of gallic acid and its synthesized alkyl gallates against breast MCF-7 cancer cells were evaluated by MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay. The data were analyzed by linear regression method to generate IC 50 value. Among alkyl gallate derivatives, isoamyl gallate, heptyl gallate and octyl gallate showed a moderate cytotoxicity on breast MCF-7 cancer cells with IC 50 values of 58.11; 25.94 and 42.34 µg/mL, respectively. Thus, isoamyl gallate, heptyl gallate and octyl gallate should be further developed as potent and promising agents for the treatment and therapy of breast cancer.
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