Vehicle ownership has increased tremendously in Nigeria for the past decades. This study determined factors that influence vehicle ownership intending to develop a more appropriate basis for forecasting vehicle ownership in the country. Multiple linear regression technique was used to identify the factors that influence vehicle ownership using national data from secondary sources. The results showed that four socioeconomic factors, namely, gross domestic product, per capita income, fuel price, and literacy level, as well as one physical factor, namely, stock of public transport vehicles, have significant effects on vehicle ownership at .01 significance level. Vehicle ownership was 35.3 million in 2018. It will increase to 48.7, 66.2, and 76.1 million in 2030, 2040, and 2050, respectively. Consequently, the formulation of appropriate policy that will be useful for monitoring key parameters is germane for predicting vehicle ownership in the country.

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Fuel subsidy removal has been a very topical and delicate issue in Nigeria. In spite of government assurance that the proceeds from the fuel subsidy withdrawal will be used judiciously and effectively to provide critical infrastructure that will cushion its effects, the opponents have remained resolute on their uncompromising stand against its removal. The goal of this study is to determine the actual size of fuel subsidy in Nigeria. It is therefore hypothesised that there was no significant relationship between price of fuel and fuel subsidy. Simple linear regression technique was used in the analysis. The results suggest that there was a significant relationship between the price of fuel and subsidy at less than 0.01 significant level (R2 = 0.79). This implies that fuel subsidy accounted for 79 per cent of the actual price of fuel. This is an indication that government actually subsidised fuel by 79 per cent of the actual price per litre. In others word, the consumers only paid for 21 per cent of the actual price per litre. This is evidence that fuel is highly subsidised in Nigeria. The study recommends gradual removal of subsidy, and using the money realised from it for cushioning the effects on the poor.

Scholars are polarized on the issue of the best approach for measuring housing affordability. This has generated a lack of consensus on the best method to adopt in measuring the concept. Consequently, this study is set-out to extend the literature on housing affordability by examining the public housing affordability for each income group in Nigeria using Abuja as a case study city. This study is aimed at providing the contextual framework for the redefinition of housing affordability based on the diversity of income. The housing cost approach was used to measure housing affordability, whereas the principal component analysis determined factors that caused the unaffordable housing market. The results showed that public housing was not affordable to low and medium-income earners. The unaffordable housing market for each of the three income groups was influenced by diverse factors. Consequently, public housing provision should consider the affordability of each income group. This is because factors that determine housing affordability are peculiar to each of the three income groups.

The major problem with the existing forecasts of demand for highway transportation fuel in Nigeria is often assumed to be associated with poor identification of the factors of mobility upon which they are based. This may have been one of the factors responsible for continued shortfall in supply for highway transportation fuel in the country. The goal of this study was to determine the mobility factors and their effects on the dynamics of demand for highway transportation fuel in Nigeria. Four cities in Nigeria were chosen for this study on a representative basis of size, function and location. The cities are Lagos, Kano, Abuja and Enugu. A total sample size of 3800 questionnaires, representing 1 per cent of the sample frame of 3,800,000 vehicles, drawn using stratified random sampling technique from the four selected cities, were distributed among vehicle operators. A total of 2713 questionnaires representing 71.3 per cent were returned. Multiple linear regression was used to test the research hypothesis. The result suggests that the demand for highway transportation fuel was significantly related to the four of the eight mobility factors studied at 0.01 level (R 2 = 0.975). These are real price of fuel, stock of vehicles, time spent in purchasing fuel and fuel subsidy. The data analysed readily fitted into a multiple linear regression model. The study showed that these four variables are significant in determining the demand for highway transportation fuel in Nigeria. The outcome of this study was useful in enhancing future public policy on fuel demand in Nigeria. 149

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The COVID-19 pandemic presents a serious global health challenge to humanity in recent times. It has caused fundamental disruptions to the global transportation system, supply chains, and trade. The impact on the transport sector resulting from lockdowns has led to huge losses in revenue. At the moment there are limited studies of the road transport sector response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper fills this gap using Nigeria as a case study area. A mixed method involving both qualitative and quantitative research was employed. Principal Component Analysis and Multiple Criteria Analysis were used to analyze the data. The results suggest that road transport operators strongly (90.7%) believe that 51 adopted new technologies/innovations, processes, and procedures will keep them and passengers safe from the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. A breakdown shows that observing the lockdown directive is perceived by road transport operators as the most effective response to the pandemic. The breakdown continues in descending order thus: COVID-19 safety protocols, environmental sanitation, and promotion of hygiene, information technology, facemask, and social distancing. Others are public enlightenment, palliative, inclusion, and mass media. This indicates that non-pharmaceutical measures are very effective in the fight against the pandemic. This finding leverages support for the application of non-pharmaceutical guidelines in containing the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria.