This paper reports on the evaluation of a digitallyaugmented exhibition on the history of modern media. We discuss visitors' interaction with installations and corresponding interaction design issues, drawing on results from analysis of logfiles, interviews, and observation in the museum. We see this as an exploration into interaction design of interactive installations for public settings, using the evaluation as a case study on what makes an installation engaging and how it can provide an engaging experience for groups.

Small-scale and distortion-free measurement of electric fields is crucial for applications such as surveying atmospheric electrostatic fields, lightning research, and safeguarding areas close to high-voltage power lines. A variety of measurement systems exist, the most common of which are field mills, which work by picking up the differential voltage of the measurement electrodes while periodically shielding them with a grounded electrode. However, all current approaches are either bulky, suffer from a strong temperature dependency, or severely distort the electric field requiring a well-defined surrounding and complex calibration procedures. Here we show that microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices can be used to measure electric field strength without significant field distortion. The purely passive MEMS devices exploit the effect of electrostatic induction, which is used to generate internal forces that are converted into an optically tracked mechanical displacement of a spring-suspended seismic mass. The devices exhibit resolutions on the order of 100(V/m)/Hz with a measurement range of up to tens of kilovolt per metre in the quasi-static regime (≲ 300 Hz).We also show that it should be possible to achieve resolutions of around ∼1(V/m)/Hz by fine-tuning of the sensor embodiment. These MEMS devices are compact and could easily be mass produced for wide application.

With the transition toward a smart grid, the power system has become strongly intertwined with the information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure. The interdependency of both domains requires a combined analysis of physical and ICT processes, but simulating these together is a major challenge due to the fundamentally different modeling and simulation concepts. After outlining these challenges, such as time synchronization and event handling, this paper presents an overview of state-of-the-art solutions to interface power system and ICT simulators. Due to their prominence in recent research, a special focus is set on co-simulation approaches and their challenges and

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There exists no universal tool to analyze the increasing complexity in smart grids. Domain specific simulation and engineering tools partly address the challenges of complex system behavior. Different component technologies, customer behavior and controls in the power networks are interacting in a highly dynamic manner. Results of isolated simulations may be not accurate enough on the system level. Free and open available tools like GridLAB-D, PSAT, OpenModelica and 4DIAC are well known and widely used because of their excellent domain specific expertise. With co-simulation approaches the individual strengths of each tool can be exploited to model and simulate the various aspects of complex smart grids. The achieved level of detail and realism potentially surpasses the results that the individual analyses would gain. This paper demonstrates a local smart charging control strategy implemented with the IEC 61499-based standard for distributed control systems. It is simulated with different electric vehicle driving patterns, modeled with the multi-agent environment GridLAB-D. Battery models are defined in OpenModelica and embedded as individual dynamic loads. The power system is simulated using PSAT. This work shows that boundaries and restriction in terms of modeling cross-domain specific problems can be overcome by coupling these open source applications.

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