Three-dimensional (3D) chemical models
are a well-established learning
tool used to enhance the understanding of chemical structures by converting
two-dimensional paper or screen outputs into realistic three-dimensional
objects. While commercial atom model kits are readily available, there
is a surprising lack of large molecular and orbital models that could
be used in large spaces. As part of a program investigating the utility
of 3D printing in teaching, a modular size-adjustable molecular model
and orbital kit was developed and produced using 3D printing and was
used to enhance the teaching of stereochemistry, isomerism, hybridization,
and orbitals.
We describe the development of a novel low‐cost small‐footprint 3D‐printed electrosynthesis continuous flow cell system that was designed and adapted to fit a commercially available Electrasyn 2.0. The utility and effectiveness of the combined flow/electrochemistry system over the batch process was demonstrated in the development of an improved and supporting‐electrolyte‐free version of our anodic methoxymethylation of alcohols.
The 3D printing method provided a novel model to create a root canal simulation for studying and understanding a real-time biofilm removal under microscopy. Ultrasonic agitation of NaOCl left the least amount of residual biofilm in comparison to sonic and gutta-percha agitation methods.
In this present study, we describe the development of a low‐cost, small‐footprint and modular 3D printed continuous‐flow system that readily attaches to existing stirrer hotplates. Flow‐rates are controlled by compressed air that is typically present in all fume hoods, making it suitable for use by synthetic chemists. The length of the flow‐path and reaction residence time is regulated by control of the air‐flow and pressure and by addition of one or more 3D printed polypropylene (PP) circular disk reactors that were designed to fit a DrySyn Multi‐E base, which is found in most synthetic laboratories. The ease of use of the system, the facile control of flow‐rates and the solvent resistance of the PP reactors was demonstrated in a range of SNAr reactions to produce substituted ether derivatives highlighting the utility and modularity of the system.
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