Fatty acid (FA) composition is a determinant of the physiological effects of dietary oils. This study investigated the effects of vegetable oil supplementation with different FA compositions on anthropometric and biochemical parameters in obese women on a hypocaloric diet with lifestyle modifications. Seventy-five women (body mass index, BMI, 30–39.9kg/m2) were randomized based on 8-week oil supplementation into four experimental groups: the coconut oil group (CoG, n = 18), the safflower oil group (SafG, n = 19), the chia oil group (ChG, n = 19), and the soybean oil placebo group (PG, n = 19). Pre- and post-supplementation weight, anthropometric parameters, and body fat (%BF), and lean mass percentages (%LM) were evaluated, along with biochemical parameters related to lipid and glycidemic profiles. In the anthropometric evaluation, the CoG showed greater weight loss (Δ% = −8.54 ± 2.38), and reduced BMI (absolute variation, Δabs = −2.86 ± 0.79), waist circumference (Δabs = −6.61 ± 0.85), waist-to-height ratio (Δabs = −0.041 ± 0.006), conicity index (Δabs = −0.03 ± 0.016), and %BF (Δabs = −2.78 ± 0.46), but increased %LM (Δabs = 2.61 ± 1.40) (p < 0.001). Moreover, the CoG showed a higher reduction in biochemical parameters of glycemia (Δabs = −24.71 ± 8.13) and glycated hemoglobin (Δabs = −0.86 ± 0.28) (p < 0.001). The ChG showed a higher reduction in cholesterol (Δabs = −45.36 ± 0.94), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc; Δabs = −42.53 ± 22.65), and triglycerides (Δabs = −49.74 ± 26.3), but an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc; abs = 3.73 ± 1.24, p = 0.007). Coconut oil had a more pronounced effect on abdominal adiposity and glycidic profile, whereas chia oil had a higher effect on improving the lipid profile. Indeed, supplementation with different fatty acid compositions resulted in specific responses.

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Females subjected to the exposure, a low protein diet during gestation and lactation, exhibit hypophagy on a standard diet but a higher consumption of a diet rich in lipids and simple carbohydrates. And also were more motivated by the pursuit of reward and reduced latency of the bitter taste reactivity, and increased the number of immunoreactive cells c-fos protein activated in the caudate putamen, amygdala and paraventricular nucleus.

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RESUMO -Pesquisadas re p e rcussões neonatais do tratamento crônico com inibidores seletivos de re c a p t u r a da serotonina (ISRS) sobre crescimento somático, do encéfalo e crânio. Ratos machos foram divididos em g rupos: controle (NaCl) e Cit (10 µL/Kg citalopram 10 mg). Durante 21 dias pós-natais, foram aferidos peso corporal, eixo látero-lateral, ântero-posterior e circunferência do crânio. Aos 8, 15 e 22 dias pós-natais, os animais foram sacrificados para retirada do encéfalo para avaliar as medidas citadas acima. A utilização de ISRS provocou déficit de crescimento corporal, diminuição das medidas craniais e do encéfalo. O re t a rd o é possivelmente decorrência de alteração na magnitude da ação trófica da serotonina sobre morf o g ê n e s e crânio-facial, reforçando a participação do sistema sero t o n i n é rgico sobre o crescimento somático e ontogenético. O possível efeito hipofágico dos ISRS não é descartado.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: serotonina, ontogênese, sistema nervoso.Neonatal treatment effect with selective inibitor of 5-HT re c a p t u re over the cranium-encephalic anatomic development ABSTRACT -Neonatal re p e rcussion re s e a rched of the serotonin selective re c a p t u re inibitor (SSRI) chro n i c t reatment about the somatic growth, of the encephalon and skull. Male rats were divided into gro u p s : c o n t rol (NaCl) and Cit (10 µL/Kg citalopram 10 mg). In 21 post birth days were measured body weight, side axle , front and rear and skull circle. At 8, 15, 22 days after birth, animals were sacrified for the encephalon withdrawal to evaluate the measurements mentioned above. SSRI use caused body growth deficit, skull and encephalon reduction. The re t a rd is possibly caused by the magnitude change of the trophic sero t o n i n action over the skull-facial morphogenesis, re i n f o rcing the sero t o n i n e rgi c system participation over the somatic and ontogenic growth. The SSRI possible hypophagic effects are not discarded.KEY WORDS: serotonin, ontogenesis, nervous system. A ontogênese do sistema nervoso (SN) nos m a m í f e ros envolve, em geral, neuro g ê n e s e , migração, diferenciação celular, mielinização, síntese e liberação de neuro t r a n s m i s s o res (NT) 1 , 2 . Os estudos experimentais ajudam a identificar, analisar e c o m p reender os eventos do desenvolvimento que estão ocorrendo a nível celular e subcelular . Dentre as substâncias NT envolvidas no controle do desenvolvimento e cre s c i m e n t o , destaca-se a 5-hidroxitriptamina (serotonina, 5-HT).A 5-HT é um NT envolvido numa variedade de funções: humor, apetite, ciclo claro -e s c u ro 7 , 8 . Altera-