Background/Aim: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a cancer with poor prognosis due to therapy resistance, locoregional recurrences, and distant metastases. There is on increased interest in profiling the androgen receptor (AR) in cancer biology. The aim of this study was to compare AR and Ki-67 levels in the neoplastic epithelium and stroma between non-metastatic and metastatic stages of OSCC. Patients and Methods: Tissue specimens of 101 nonmetastatic and 95 metastatic OSCC patients were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results: More than 20% of ARpositive cytoplasmic staining of OSCC epithelium was significantly associated with nuclear AR levels in the epithelium and increased AR levels in the stroma. In metastatic OSCC patients, Ki-67 was significantly higher than in non-metastatic OSCC patients. Conclusion: More than 20% of AR-positive cytoplasmic staining in neoplastic OSSC epithelium is a significant predictor of OSCC progression risk.
We report a case of 42 y old male patient with chronic pain in the lower right abdominal quadrant that appeared almost every time after or during exercise, for a last two years. The patient underwent transabdominal preperitoneal patch hernioplasty (TAPP), due to the right inguinal hernia two and a half years ago. There were no comorbidities or other previous operations in his medical records. Since the abdominal ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonant (MR) with laboratory methods did not show any special findings, the laparoscopy was performed and the appendix was found with apex attached to the polypropylene mesh, preperitoneal positioned at the place of the previous hernioplasty. The appendix was divided carefully and the laparoscopic appendectomy was performed. There were no complications during the operation or postoperative period. The pathohistological exam showed chronic inflammatory mononuclear infiltration at the sampled appendix. During the follow-up period of two years, the patient experienced no abdominal pain nor any other symptoms and/or complications. In the current literature, we did not find this kind of complication following the TAPP procedure. This case is a unique presentation of chronic abdominal pain following the TAPP procedure caused with the position of the attached appendix.
Introduction and importance
The falciform ligament is a peritoneal fold that extends from the anterior abdominal wall to the liver, which divides the liver into two lobes. Cysts of the falciform ligament are rare and without an apparent cause. The range of the symptoms can vary from abdominal pain to asymptomatic patients. Cysts are treated surgically, and resection is used to make a definitive diagnosis.
Case presentation
A 36-year-old female patient was treated at an outpatient facility for epigastric pain that lasted for three months. Abdominal MRI and MSCT were performed to verify a cyst formation in the left liver area of about 12 cm in size. Laparoscopic resection of the cist was performed under general endotracheal anaesthesia.
Clinical discussion
Falciform ligament tumours can be malignant or benign. Treatment of the cyst includes complete excision and pathohistological diagnosis to rule out malignancy. In most cases reported thus far, excision has been done after laparotomy. In our case, the operation was performed in a less invasive way, laparoscopically.
Conclusion
Laparoscopy can serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic method for cysts of the falciform ligament, both smaller and more significant, that infiltrate the surrounding structures.
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