This study has aims to describe the profile of junior high school students’ Thinking in Solving math problems. The subjects of this research are three students of high, medium and low in mathematical ability. Thinking profile of students described as follows: Understanding the problem, students received information by reading problems, then they recalled, processed, and stored information. Devising a plan, students processed, stored, and recalled information. Carrying out the plan, students recalled, processed, and stored information. Looking back, students stored information by performing a repletion of steps looking back.
Algebra is one of the important concepts in mathematics and began to be taught in class VII of junior high school. One way to find out students' thinking and reasoning abilities algebraically is to algebraic thinking. Algebraic thinking is a mental activity consisting of generalization, abstraction, dynamic thinking, modeling, analytic thinking, and organization. The means that can be used to explore students' algebraic thinking is problem solving. The problem used in this research is contextual mathematical problems. Algebraic thinking in each student in solving contextual mathematical problems varies based on the level of mathematical abilities. The purpose of this research is to describe the algebraic thinking’s profile of junior high school students in solving contextual mathematical problems based on mathematical abilities. This research uses a qualitative approach with methods of collecting data through tests and interviews. The subjects of this research were one student with high mathematical abilities, one student with medium mathematical abilities, and one student with low mathematical abilities. The results of this research indicate algebraic thinking of student with high mathematical abilities, consists of generalization, abstraction, dynamic thinking, modeling, analytic thinking, and organization. Algebraic thinking of student with medium mathematical abilities, consists of generalization, abstraction, dynamic thinking, modeling, analytic thinking, and organization. Algebraic thinking of student with low mathematical abilities, consists of generalization, dynamic thinking, and organization.Keywords: algebraic thinking, problem solving, contextual mathematical problems, mathematical abilities
Masalah merupakan pertanyaan yang dihadapi ketika tidak dapat diselesaikan dengan prosedur rutin. Untukmenyelesaikan masalah matematika membutuhkan analisis atau prosedur lain. Masalah matematika yangsering dijumpai dalam kehidupan salah satunya yaitu masalah segiempat. Menurut Polya, terdapat empatfase proses pemecahan masalah, yaitu memahami masalah, membuat perencanaan, melaksanakanperencanaan, dan memeriksa kembali. Terdapat salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi kemampuanpemecahan masalah, yaitu kepribadian seseorang yang berbeda. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitiandeskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematikasiswa SMP pada materi segiempat yang mempunyai kepribadian ekstrovert atau introvert. Subjek penelitianterdiri dari dua siswa kelas VII SMP dengan kemampuan matematika yang berbeda, di antaranya satu siswaekstrovert dan satu siswa introvert. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes tipe kepribadian ekstrovertintrovert yang disebut Myer Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), tes kemampuan matematika, tes pemecahanmasalah dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) siswa ekstrovert tidak mampumelakukan keseluruhan tahapan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan, siswa hanya mampu pada langkahmemahami masalah, namun siswa tidak mampu dalam membuat perencanaan, melaksanakan perencanaan,dan memeriksa kembali dan (2) siswa introvert mampu melakukan seluruh tahapan pemecahan dalammenyelesaikan permasalahan, yang mencakup memahami masalah, membuat perencanaan, melaksanakanperencanaan, sampai pada tahap memeriksa kembali.
Student's spatial reasoning is the process of manipulating objects that can help students to solving the daily problems about spatial. The aim of this study was to know students' spatial reasoning in solving geometry problems based on personality types. This study was used qualitative descriptive approach to examine four participants which represented each type of Keirsey's personality called "The Keirsey Temperament Sorter". The data were collected from spatial reasoning task and interview. The results showed every personalities types had different ability of spatial reasoning in solving geometry problem. In spatial visualization, students who had guardian and artisan personalities could identify the figure with their sensing. The rational student identified the figure with his knowledge. The idealist student had experienced difficulties to identify the figure. In mental rotation guardian and idealist student could imagined the figure that has been rotated. The idealist student had seen the pattern of the figure to solving the problem. The artisan and rational student had answered with the wrong answer. Because the rational student just focused in angle but ignore direction of the figure and the artisan student had answered in a hurry. In spatial orientation guardian and artisan personalities had drawn with details. The rational personalities had drawn without regard the size of the figure.
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