Improved facial aesthetics is one aim of orthodontic treatment. This study was designed to determine if the faces considered more beautiful in a young population exhibit the same parameters used by orthodontists to assess successful results. A panel of 34 laypeople (30 females and 4 males) evaluated a set containing one frontal, one frontal during smiling, and one profile photograph of 89 students (77 females and 12 males) on a 5-point attractiveness scale, in relation to a set of reference photographs. For each photographic set, the mean and final scores were calculated. Once the sample was established, 11 subjects (9 females and 2 males) with the highest final facial aesthetic score were selected and cephalometric analysis was performed. All cephalometric measurements were within the norm for the total sample. When the sample was divided by gender, Wilcoxon's W non-parametric test showed significant differences between the male and female photographs; while females tended to a Class II malocclusion, with the mandible slightly retrusive to the maxilla, males tended to a Class III and showed a straighter profile with a prominent chin; the face height ratio was higher in males. There were no significant differences between genders for lower lip to E plane. The findings show that the faces considered more attractive fulfilled the cephalometric and facial norms.

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Objectives: To analyze personality (Big Five Model) and cognitive–emotional variables in children and adolescents with a cleft lip/palate (s) in comparison to an equivalent peer sample without an orofacial cleft. Design: Cross-sectional study with data collected using self-reported questionnaires over 2 years. Setting: Data were collected during visits to health center dental clinics. Patients: Children and adolescents (aged 8-18 years) with nonsyndromic CL/P (n = 60) and without a cleft (n = 60). Method: Patients completed questionnaires with assistance as needed from a member of the research team. Main Outcome Measures: Children’s Perceived Self-Efficacy, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (child version), Big Five Questionnaire for Children, and Alexithymia Questionnaire for Children. Results: When accounting for age, children with CL/P had normative self-efficacy and cognitive–emotional regulation strategies, with the protective factor of significantly lower rumination than peers. Children with CL/P were significantly lower on the Big Five personality areas of conscientiousness, openness to experience, extraversion, and agreeableness along with significantly higher neuroticism. They were similarly significantly higher than peers for alexithymia. Conclusion: Children with CL/P showed strengths in self-efficacy typical of peers and less use of some maladaptive coping strategies; however, they also had higher levels of alexithymia and risk factors associated with the Big Five Model of personality. Strategies may be clinically useful that maximize areas of strength to support children with CL/P in expressing their emotions to reduce alexithymia, coping with of negative affect, and building assertiveness.

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RESUMENSe analiza un texto de 1786 impreso en 1788, cuyo autor es el médico catalán Francisco Sanponts y Roca (1756-1821), que mereció el primer premio de la Real Sociedad de Medicina de París en un certamen convocado para estudiar y solucionar el problema planteado por la amplia difusión del Muguet entre los niños acogidos en hospicios. Se trata de la primera descripción de la enfermedad hecha en España y el autor, influido por la mentalidad antisistemática y el empirismo anatomoclínico, cita de forma amplia a Van Swieten y a Nils Rosen, entre 67 autores, con lo que demuestra estar al corriente de la medicina y la pediatría europeas, aunque aparentemente desconoce el trabajo de Underwood, publicado dos años antes de la elaboración del suyo, que representa la primera descripción conocida de esta enfermedad. SUMMARYA medical text on aphtae, writed in 1786 and printed in 1788, is analized. Its author was the catalan physician Francisco Sanponts y Roca (1756-1821). This work was awarded with the first prize by the Société Royal de Médecine from Paris, in a competition to study and solve the problem of the wide diffusion of Aphtae (Muguet) among the orphanages' children. This was the first description of this disease in Spain. The author was influenced by the antisystematic mentality and by the anatomoclinical empiricism; he widely refers to Van Swieten and Nils Rosen, besides other 65 authors. Through his references he proved that he was well informed about the european medicine Este trabajo ha sido subvencionado en parte por ayuda de la Consejería de Cultura y Educación de la Comunidad Autónoma de Murcia (Proyecto PS93/103). España. Madrid, Península, Vol. 2, pp. 301-2. En toda la bibliografía que hemos consultado el trabajo viene reseñado, con pequeñas variaciones, como "Memoria para indagar las causas de la enfermedad aftosa llamada comúnmente Muguet, Millet, Blanchet, a la cual están sugetos los niños, con especialidad cuando se reúnen en los hospitales desde el primero hasta el tercero o cuarto mes de su nacimiento, cuales son sus síntomas, cual su naturaleza, su preservativo y modo de curarla". El mismo trabajo, en cambio, no es citado entre las obras de Sanponts reseñadas por PALAU DULCET, A. (1923). Manual del librero hispano-americano, vol. 6, pp. 443-44, ni en la biografía del autor realizada por IGLESIES FORT, J. (1964). La Real Academia de Ciencias Naturales y Artes en el siglo XVIII. [Francisco Sanponts y 62Asclepio-No\. XLIX-1-1997 (c) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Licencia Creative Commons 3.0 España (by-nc)

En 1557 se publica el primer libro español dedicado a la Odontología: El «Coloquio breve y compendioso sobre la materia de la dentadura y maravillosa obra de la boca», cuyo autor es Francisco Martínez. En este texto aparecen por primera vez en la literatura médica española recomendaciones dirigidas a cuidar la boca de los niños. Se analizan en este artículo las ideas que sobre anatomía dentaria, extracciones, odontología preventiva y odontología conservadora aparecen en el texto en referencia a los niños.