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RESUMOIntrodução: O Cryptococcus neoformans é uma levedura capsulada, agente etiológico da criptococose em humanos e animais, encontrado em fontes ambientais, incluindo excretas de pombos, é uma importante causa de mortalidade em indivíduos imunodeprimidos em todo o mundo. Métodos: com o objetivo de verificar a ocorrência do Cryptococcus neoformans, em excretas de pombos, na cidade de Pelotas, pesquisou-se 70 ambientes, incluindo prédios, praças e locais ao ar livre, da cidade de Pelotas, RS. Após a coleta, os excrementos foram adicionados de salina com cloranfenicol, homogeneizados, semeados em ágar Sabouraud com cloranfenicol e ágar Níger e incubados a 32ºc. Para identificação, realizou-se exame direto, prova da fenoloxidase, urease, assimilação de carboidratos e cultura em meio cGB. Resultados: Dos locais estudados (nº =70), em 26 (37,1%) havia excretas de pombos. Estes lugares foram representados por prédios históricos (nº =8), torre de igreja (nº =1), engenhos e armazéns de arroz (nº =7), praça (nº =1) e locais ao ar livre (nº =9), o isolamento de Cryptococcus neoformans ocorreu em 26,9% (nº =7/26), destes locais. Conclusões: O estudo chama a atenção, para o isolamento do fungo em áreas urbanas, que apresentavam grande acúmulo de excretas, indicando um risco para a saúde pública, especialmente para indivíduos imunocomprometidos. Palavras-chaves: Cryptococcus neoformans. Excretas. Pombos. Ambiente. Urbano. ABSTRACT Introduction:Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast and is the etiological agent for human and animal cryptococcosis. It is found in sources within the environment, including pigeon excrement, and is an important cause of mortality among immunocompromised individuals worldwide. Methods: Seventy different environments in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, were surveyed for the purpose of investigating Cryptococcus neoformans occurrences in pigeon excreta. The environments included buildings, public squares and outdoor locations in the city. After collection, chloramphenicol saline solution was added to the excreta, which were then homogenized and seeded onto Sabouraud agar with chloramphenicol and onto Niger agar, and incubated at 32°c. Identification was performed by direct examination and by means of the phenoloxidase and urease tests, carbohydrate assimilation and culturing in cGB medium. Results: Out of the sites investigated (n = 70), 26 (37.1%) of them contained pigeon excreta. These included historical buildings (n = 8), a church tower (n = 1), rice mills and warehouses (n = 7), a public square (n = 1) and outdoor locations (n = 9). Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from 26.9% (n = 7/26) of these locations. Conclusions: This study draws attention to isolation of this fungus in urban areas that present large accumulations of pigeon excrement. This represents a risk to public health, especially for immunocompromised individuals.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of the essential oil extracted from Origanum vulgare against sixteen Candida species isolates. Standard strains tested comprised C. albicans (ATCC strains 44858, 4053, 18804 and 3691), C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019), C. krusei (ATCC 34135), C. lusitaniae (ATCC 34449) and C. dubliniensis (ATCC MY646). Six Candida albicans isolates from the vaginal mucous membrane of female dogs, one isolate from the cutaneous tegument of a dog and one isolate of a capuchin monkey were tested in parallel. A broth microdilution technique (CLSI) was used, and the inoculum concentration was adjusted to 5 x 10 6 CFU mL -1 . The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography.

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The oral microbiota of humans and animals is made up of a wide variety of yeasts and bacteria, but microbiota of dogs is not totally described. Although such identification is an important step to establish the etiopathogenesis and adequate therapy for the periodontal disease The aim of this study was to evaluate and correlate oral alterations with the presence of yeasts in oral cavity of female dogs. After clinical evaluation samples from healthy and from dogs with oral diseases were obtained from three different oral sites by swabs, curettes, millimeter periodontal probes and HA membrane tip in cellulose ester. Yeast identification was performed through macroscopic and microscopic colony features and biochemical tests. Dental calculus was the most prevalent occurrence in the oral cavity of 59 females. However, the isolation of yeasts was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in animals suffering from halitosis. Eleven yeast species were identified, namely: Malassezia pachydermatis, Rhodotorula spp., Candida albicans, C. catenulata, C. famata, C. guilliermondii, C. parapsilosis, C. intermedia, Trichosporon asahii, T. mucoides and Cryptococcus albidus. It could be concluded that the yeasts are part of the microbiota from the different sites of the oral cavity of the female canines studied without causing any significant alterations except halitosis.

RESUMO O estudo objetiva determinar a atividade in vitro da terbinafina e itraconazol através da técnica de microdiluição em caldo (NCCLSM27-A2) adaptado para um fungo dimórfico frente a 12 isolados deA esporotricose, micose subcutânea de evolução subaguda a crônica, causada pelo fungo dimórfico Sporothrix schenckii acomete o homem e várias espécies de animais. O felino doméstico representa importante papel na transmissão do agente a outros animais e para o homem, sendo que os relatos zoonóticos envolvendo essa espécie animal demonstra que o homem adquire a micose através de arranhadura, mordedura ou pela contaminação por solução de continuidade cutânea preexistente.A transmissão é facilitada devido a grande quantidade de células leveduriformes presentes nas lesões cutâneas dos felinos com esporotricose 1 2 22 . O tratamento da esporotricose é realizado, freqüentemente, com itraconazol, sendo este considerado atualmente o fármaco de eleição para as formas cutâneas e linfocutâneas da micose em humanos 9 . Porém, devido ao seu uso indiscriminado, têm sido freqüentes os relatos de isolados resistentes ao fármaco, levando

Yeasts are commensal organisms found in the skin, genital and gastrointestinal tracts, and other mucosa in mammalians. Candida spp has been frequently isolated from domestic and sylvan animals. Yeast isolation from vaginal mucus is frequent in women, especially of Candida genus. In canine females, however, studies about vaginal fungal microbiota are rare and the connection with estrous cycle is unknown. The purpose of this study was to isolate yeast 5 of Candida genus from healthy canine females and identify the isolated species, establishing their connection with estrous cycle phases. Two hundred twenty-four samples taken from vaginal mucus of 14 canine females were analyzed in this study. Candida spp was observed in 83 (37%) from these samples; nine samples were taken in proestrus, 14 in oestrus, 31 in dioestrus, 24 in anoestrus and five samples were obtained during pregnancy. Candida parapsilosis the most frequently isolated specie (21.7%), followed by C. guillermondii (8.4%), C. kefir (6%) and C. albicans (4.8%). We concluded that Candida spp is a commion component of healthy canine females' vaginal microbiota, and isolation varies according to the estrous cycle phase.