The findings indicate that parents received a high level of support from nurses. Nurses can promote the quality of family care and should be aware of the importance of the several types of nursing support in meeting the requests of parents. It is important that nurses continue to develop their knowledge about types of communication with the family, especially in providing support for the parent role.

Aim: To assess the effect of adding zinc oxide nanoparticles to dental adhesives on their anti-microbial and bond strength properties. Methods: 45 human premolars were cut at the cement enamel junction (CEJ) and the crowns were sliced into buccal and lingual halves. The specimens were classified into three groups, etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s and rinsed for 30 s. Single Bond, Single Bond+5% zinc oxide and Single Bond+10% zinc oxide were used in the first, second and third groups. A cylinder of Z250 composite was bonded and cured for 40 s. For anti-bacterial testing, 10 samples of each group were assessed by direct contact test; 10 μL of bacterial suspension was transferred into tubes containing adhesives and incubated for one hour; 300 μL of brain heart infusion (BHI) broth was added to each tube and after 12 h, 50 μL of bacteria and broth were spread on blood agar plates and incubated for 24 h. Results: The colony count decreased significantly in the second and third groups compared to the first. Conclusions: Incorporation of zinc oxide nanoparticles into dental adhesives increases their anti-microbial properties without affecting their bond strength.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive disease charachterized by disabilities which adversely affect individuals' quality of life (QOL). In the present study, the effect size of exercise therapy on patients' QOL in both physical and mental dimensions were investigated and the moderator effect of a number of selected theoretical and significant practical variables were assessed. Relevant studies, published before July 2015, were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar, and Persian medical databases including IranMedex, Irandoc, Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Medlib. Supplementary searches were also performed manually by reviewing the reference lists of the relevant articles. Next, using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, English and/or Persian-language articles conducted in Iran and evaluating the effect of exercise therapy on physical and/or mental aspects of QOL of MS patients were pooled. Afterwards, two competent reviewers in the field extracted the required data and rated the quality of the studies. Twenty-one journal articles were identified and reviewed, but only 13 of them contained the as much data as required to serve the purpose of the study. The mean effect size of exercise therapy on mental, physical, and overall QOL of the patients were 1.021 (95%CI 0.712-1.331, P < .001), 1.040 (95%CI 0.730-1.349, P < .001), and 0.846 (95%CI 0.508-1.184, P < .001), respectively. Based on the investigated Iranian studies, there is strong evidence confirming the effect of exercise therapy on QOL of patients with MS; there, however, exists a need for more studies to identify and establish effective exercise programs due to the heterogeneity of the studies conducted in this area.

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Introduction: Coronary angiography is often associated with complications such as hemorrhage and hematoma that should be considered and be minimized. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of Zinc oxide scallop-shell powder as a topical hemostatic agent (composed mainly of calcium) on complications after coronary angiography. These complications include hemostasis time, low back pain, hemorrhage, hematoma, the necessity of sandbags, and patient ambulation. Materials and Methods: The current research was a blind, parallel, randomized clinical trial done on 150 patients under coronary angiography. They were randomly divided into three equal groups of A (control), B (case 1), and C (case 2). In group A, hemostasis was done with manual compression, use of ChitoHem powder, putting sandbag for 4-6 h in a supine position, and getting out of bed after 24 h. In group B, instead of ChitoHem powder, we used Zinc oxide scallop-shell powder. In group C, hemostasis was done with manual compression, Zinc oxide scallop-shell powder, putting sandbag for 1 h in a supine position, and getting out of bed after 2 h. The duration of hemostasis, bleeding, and hematoma after hemostasis and the severity of low back pain were investigated at 8 point intervals during 24 h. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics indicators and Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA, Chi Square, Fisher exact test and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The mean ±SD ages of groups of A, B, and C were 60.08 ±11.32, 60.22 ±10.30, and 61.69 (10.61), respectively, which was not statistically different. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between these three groups regarding their demographic information. There were statistically significant differences between groups about the amount of low back pain at the second, third, and fourth hours after angiography (P= 0.001). There was a significant difference in the amount of bleeding between the three groups (P=0.017). The difference in time of hemostasis in the three groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The Zinc oxide scallop-shell powder reduces catheter site bleeding after coronary angiography and bed rest time and ultimately the severity of low back pain. Performing a similar study is recommended.