RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as disciplinas de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Saúde Mental nas estruturas curriculares dos cursos de graduação em enfermagem brasileiros. Método: estudo exploratório de análise documental, cujos dados foram coletados nos websites das instituições que possuíam cadastro no site do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira, através de instrumento elaborado para esse estudo, com informações relacionadas à instituição, disciplinas oferecidas na área, localização da(s) disciplina(s) no currículo e carga horária. Os dados obtidos foram lançados no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 2.0 para realização da estatística descritiva. Resultados: dos 738 cursos cadastrados, 88,8% são oferecidos por instituições privadas, 72% das instituições pesquisadas disponibilizavam matriz curricular do curso on-line, dentre essas, 47,2% apresentavam ao menos uma disciplina na área, com média de 96 horas nas instituições privadas e 142 horas nas públicas, perfazendo 2,4% e 3,5% da carga horária total do curso, respectivamente. Conclusão: verificou-se a predominância de instituições privadas ofertando graduação em enfermagem e que há cursos que não oferece disciplina relacionada à Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Saúde Mental. Notou-se também que não houve uma padronização de nomenclatura e do período para oferecimento dessa disciplina. Sugere-se pesquisas na área sobre o modo de como são ministrados os conteúdos teóricos e prático dessa disciplina.

Padrões de consumo de álcool de usuários de serviços de atenção primária à saúde de um município brasileiroPatterns of alcohol consumption among users of primary health care services in a Brazilian city

Background The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of specific neuromodulation treatments performed with radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) technology in the treatment of the symptomatic triad depression, anxiety, and stress by the use of a specific psychometric test such as the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-42 items (DASS-42) version, which assesses simultaneously the severity of expression of this triad. Patients and methods The design of this study was planned to compare two populations that performed DASS-42 test twice within a similar period of time. The first population performed the first DASS test before the treatment and the second test about 3 months later, at the end of two specific REAC neuromodulation treatments, neuropostural optimization (NPO) and neuropsychophysical optimization (NPPO), that have previously shown an efficacy in the treatment of depression, anxiety and stress. The second population (untreated), used as the randomized control group, consisted of a similar group by gender and age, who performed the DASS-42 test in an online platform twice, with an interval of about 3 months between the first and second tests, similar to the interval between the two tests in the treated group. Results The comparison between the treated group and the control group points out the REAC treatment efficacy in improving the quality of life. At the second DASS-42 test, self-administered about 3 months after the treatments, treated patients were positioned on average values of much milder severity in all the three clusters, depression, anxiety, and stress, while in untreated patients there was no significant difference between the mean values of the first and second DASS tests. Conclusion The results obtained in this study, evaluated with the DASS-42 test, confirm that REAC-NPO and REAC-NPPO neuromodulation treatments can be useful tools for the clinical treatment of depression, anxiety, and stress, as already proven by previous results evaluated with different psychometric tests.

666 RESUMO ABSTRACTThis was a qualitative exploratory study aiming to better understand the perceptions of student nurses regarding care of the chemically dependent. Semistructured interviews were conducted between 2007 and 2009 with 17 nursing students from a public university in the city of São Paulo who were training in specialized services for abusers of alcohol and drugs. The content analysis technique was used, and the discourse evaluation revealed that care for the chemically dependent was considered interesting but difficult and exhausting. A positive outcome noted by the students was that the discussion of theory and experience enabled them to change their perceptions of the issue from a moral model base to a more technical, scientific and ethical one. It was concluded that this teaching strategy can contribute to changing the perceptions of nurses toward these patients. DESCRIPTORSDrug users Substance-related disorders Educa on, nursing Students, nursing Health knowledge, a tudes, prac ce RESUMEN Estudio exploratorio de abordaje cualita vo obje vando conocer las percepciones de estudiantes de enfermería frente al cuidado del dependiente químico. Fueron realizadas entrevistas semiestructuradas con 17 estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad pública de la ciudad de São Paulo, que desarrollaron una pasan a en servicios especializados en abuso de alcohol y drogas, entre 2007 y 2009. Se u lizó la técnica de análisis de contenido; la evaluación de los testimonios permitió demostrar que el cuidado del dependiente químico fue considerado como interesante, aunque di cil y desgastante. Como puntos posi vos, los estudiantes señalaron la discusión sobre la teoría y la experiencia, lo que posibilitó la transformación de las concepciones vinculadas a un modelo moral para otras, pautadas sobre modelos técnicos, cien fi cos y é cos. Se concluyó en que dicha estrategia de enseñanza puede contribuir al cambio de las percepciones de los enfermeros frente a tales pacientes. DESCRIPTORES Consumidores de drogasTrastornos relacionados con sustancias Educación en enfermería Estudiantes de enfermería Conocimientos, ac tudes y prác ca en salud

Estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa que objetivou identificar as representações sociais de enfermeiros de serviços especializados em álcool e outras drogas sobre o dependente químico. Os sujeitos foram 16 enfermeiros de 13 serviços localizados na cidade de São Paulo-SP. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas as quais foram gravadas e analisadas de acordo com o referencial da Teoria de Representações Sociais. Os resultados evidenciaram que, na representação dos enfermeiros, os dependentes químicos são indivíduos acometidos por uma doença, que têm dificuldade de limites, são manipuladores e responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da dependência. Conclui-se que as representações desses profissionais são calcadas no senso comum, e apontam-se estratégias para o enfrentamento dessa problemática e a mudança dessas representações. Abstract ResumenQualitative exploratory study aimed to identify the social representations of nurses from specialist services in alcohol and other drugs compared to the addicts. The subjects were 16 nurses from 13 offices located in the city of São Paulo-SP. Data were collected through interviews which were recorded and analyzed according to the referential theory of social representations. The results showed that, in the nurses' representation, addicts are individuals suffering from a disease that has difficulty limits, and handlers are responsible for the development of dependence. We conclude that the representations of these professionals are sidewalks on common sense and point to strategies to face this problem and change these representations. K K K K Ke e e e eyw yw yw yw ywor or or

This is a descriptive exploratory study that aimed to verify nursing students' attitudes facing to the alcoholic drinks, alcoholism and alcoholics, according to their position in face of an attitudes scale items. For data collection, it was used the Scale of Attitudes to alcohol, alcoholism and alcoholic, applied to 144 nursing students. The results showed a tendency to negative attitudes of these students in face of alcoholism, alcoholic person and alcoholic drinks, since most participants were placed in category indifferent or disagree with the positive items, agreeing with negative scale items. We conclude that this trend of negative attitudes is connected to insufficient attention given to the subject during the nurses' education, being verified the need for greater importance to be given to this problem.

Background: Mental health promotion is an important phenomenon for nursing sciences, which requires a perspective from nursing theories. Although the evidence points to the effectiveness of the interventions in this domain, it is little based on nursing theories. Objective: To explore different theoretical contributions of nursing, taking as reference the phenomenon of mental health promotion. Main topics under analysis: Mental health promotion, the philosophical perspective of post-modernism, the theory of interpersonal relations, the health promotion model, the transitions theory, and the adaptation model and their contributions to mental health promotion. Conclusion: Some theoretical contributions to mental health promotion should be highlighted, such as the importance of building interpersonal relations with the patients (Peplau) and identifying the person as a biopsychosocial being (Pender) who undergoes transitions (Meleis) and requires support to adjust and adopt healthier behaviors (Roy).

In addition to the effects of coronavirus infection, the Covid-19 pandemic has induced widespread psychosocial distress, which has triggered the onset of anxious and depressive states, reactive to the socio-relational and economic situation induced by the pandemic. Some of our participants showed depressive and anxious attitudes even in the absence of real pictures of depression and anxiety. This phenomenon, combined with mechanisms of emulation and conditioning, can trigger a vicious cycle within interpersonal relationships and promote the administration of unnecessary treatments. Various approaches have been proposed to help populations suffering from psychosocial problems induced by the Covid-19 pandemic, but there is an objective difficulty in treating a large population. Methods: To contain and reduce this widespread psychosocial unease, in this study we used two radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) technology neuromodulation treatments, neuro postural optimization (NPO) and neuropsychophysical optimization-cervicobrachial (NPPO-CB), aimed at optimizing an individual's response to the effects of environmental stressors. These treatments are quick and easy to administer; therefore, they can be administered to a large cohort of participants in a short time. To evaluate the effects of the REAC NPO and NPPO-CB treatments, the DASS-21 psychometric test was used because it has already been used to test depression, anxiety, and stress during the Covid-19 pandemic. Results: The results of the study confirm the usefulness of REAC NPO and NPPO-CB treatments in helping participants to have better coping strategies for the environmental pressures and reduce the neuropsychological and behavioral effects induced by the Covid-19 pandemic. Discussion: The results obtained in this study are consistent with previous clinical studies confirming the usefulness of the treatments to face neuropsychological and behavioral effects induced by exposome pressure.