Background: Our work/study culture is biased towards the circadian clocks of “morning types”, whereas “evening types” are forced to advance their weekday waking times relative to weekend waking times. Since the experimental research consistently reveals a >2 h difference between these two chronotypes in the positions of their endogenous circadian phases, we hypothesized the necessity to permit a >2 h difference between them in weekday waking times to equalize their irrecoverable loss in sleep on weekdays. Methods: A total of 659 and 1106 participants of online surveys identified themselves as morning and evening types, respectively. The hypothesis was tested by applying a model of sleep–wake regulation for simulating sleep times reported by 245 lecturers of these two types, and by comparison of sleep times of these types among these lecturers and 1520 students. Results: The hypothesis was supported by results showing that, if, on weekdays, an “average” morning type wakes at 6 a.m., the equalization of the weekday sleep loss of the two chronotypes would require the waking time of an “average” evening type to be no earlier than 8 a.m. Conclusions: These results may be implemented in a model-based methodology for the correction of weekday waking times to equalize weekday sleep loss.
Introduction. The vibration disease takes one of the leading places in the structure of the occupational morbidity in the Irkutsk region, its specific weight accounted of 21.1-35.9% of all newly revealed cases of occupational diseases in different years. The purpose of the study is to investigate the socio-psychological features and manifestations of the vibration disease clinical syndromes in local vibration-exposed employees in the dynamic of observation. Material and methods. The assessment of working conditions of employees in the aircraft enterprise, a coherent dynamic clinical and sociopsychological examination in employees with the occupational disease which continuing their work was carried out. Results. Working conditions have not been changed; the levels of the occupational and labor process factors have remained the same in the dynamic. Clinical manifestations of vibration disease and neurosensory hearing loss, which is the second (accompanying) occupational disease, were shown to be aggravated in patients continuing to work in contact with local vibration. A significant prevalence of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and the circulatory system has been revealed. High levels of the personal and situational anxiety, hypochondriacal traits, instability of emotional state, the rigid stereotype of behavior-oriented to caring about physical well-being are registered in patients. A reduction of health-related quality of life scores characterizing the role of physical and emotional functioning has been established, that indicates the limitations in the performance of daily work due to the deterioration of the emotional state. Discussion. The significant prevalence of diseases of the musculoskeletal and circulatory systems in vibration disease patients is associated with both the irritating effect of the actual vibration and the severity of the work process and significant physical overloads. The study results of the psycho-emotional status, the health-related quality of life in vibration disease patients allow assuming a significant effect of the pain syndrome on the emotional state, decrease of the health-related quality of life, which is consistent with the other authors’ studies. Conclusion. The study results show that it is necessary to remove workers from contact with vibration if the initial manifestations of vibration disease appear. Also, it is necessary to revise approaches to the secondary prevention of vibration disease, which should be aimed at preserving residual work capacity and medical and psychological adaptation of patients.
Introduction. Modern technologies make it possible to significantly reduce the mercury content in the air of the working zone at enterprises with mercury electrolysis. Under these conditions, it is of interest to assess the risks of health disorders, taking into account exposure to mercury loads to justify the etiological role of mercury in the formation of health problems in workers. Material and methods. The studies included the evaluation of the mercury content in the air of the working area for a long period, the assessment of the health of workers on the results of medical examinations and quantitative assessment of the risks of the main general pathological syndromes. Exposure loads of mercury were calculated on the basis of the author’s guidelines and normative-methodical documents. Results. In mercury electrolysis shops significant mercury concentrations (up to 8-20 MACs) were recorded in the period from 1987 to 1992 with the exception of mercury from the technological process, its concentrations do not exceed the hygienic standard. However, in these conditions, the workers were found to have high levels of health risks and morbidity, especially from the neuropsychic sphere, as well as statistically significant relationships between morbidity rates and exposure values of mercury loads. Discussion. In our study, with significantly reduced exposure to mercury, workers remain to be at risk of functional neurological disorders, as well as diseases of the nervous system and mental disorders. Despite the contradictory literature data on the development of neuropsychic effects of mercury in time, in our study, the etiological role of mercury in workers’ health is confirmed by the identification of correlations between the indices of health disorders of the nervous and mental sphere and the duration of work in the occupation, as well as the values of exposure loads by the toxicant. Conclusion. The study made it possible to relate the identified changes in the health status of workers with the accumulated exposure to mercury, as well as to recommend the use of indices of the exposure to chemical loads to justify the relationship of morbidity with the occupation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.