The results suggest antipsychotic and antioxidant effects for the EOAZ that may have promising efficacy for the treatment of schizophrenia.

The aim of this study was to further define the relationship between cell proliferation and the rate of tooth eruption in the rat incisor. Vinblastine is a drug that blocks cellular mitosis and was used to inhibit cell proliferation in the odontogenic region of rat incisors that were submitted to a shortening treatment or to higher masticatory forces. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normofunctional (control group for incisor eruption), hypofunctional (incisor submitted to eruption acceleration), hyperfunctional (incisors under higher masticatory forces), hypofunctional with vinblastine and hyperfunctional with vinblastine. In incisors submitted to shortening procedures, a significant decrease in the eruption rate and cell proliferation was observed two days after vinblastine injection, suggesting that incisor eruption is dependent on cell proliferation. Anat

A contracepção de emergência é um método utilizado para prevenir a gravidez após a relação sexual desprotegida. O fácil acesso a esse método, sem nenhuma orientação, levanta preocupações em relação ao seu uso, principalmente no que diz respeito a uma possível substituição de um método contraceptivo regular por este, bem como pelo seu uso, em sua maioria, pelos adolescentes, e por generalização do uso repetitivo. Este estudo propôs avaliar o nível de conhecimento das mulheres usuárias, ou que tinham intenção de uso, do contraceptivo de emergência conhecido como ‘pílula do dia seguinte’, permitindo um melhor acompanhamento da sua utilização, e disponibilização de dados farmacoepidemiológicos úteis para promoção do uso racional desse medicamento. Mulheres usuárias, ou que tinham intenção de uso, da pílula foram convidadas a participar da pesquisa sobre uso de contraceptivo de emergência. Foi aplicado um questionário e os dados foram incluídos em um programa estatístico específico. No total, foram realizadas 74 entrevistas, sendo 54 em um Serviço de Atendimento Farmacêutico, por telefone, ao cliente/consumidor, de uma rede de farmácias comunitárias, e 20 entrevistas aplicadas para clientes, no momento da dispensação do contraceptivo, em uma das filiais dessa Rede. A maioria das entrevistadas pretendia fazer uso ou utilizar contraceptivo de emergência sem orientação/prescrição médica. Estas relataram que obtiveram informações sobre esse medicamento através de amigos, familiares e da mídia (televisão, internet). A maioria informou ter utilizado o contraceptivo de emergência uma ou duas vezes. Um dos principais motivos para justificar a utilização da pílula do dia seguinte foi o sexo desprotegido. Nossos achados alertam para que se tenha uma maior preocupação em relação à possibilidade de uso indevido desse medicamento, e seu fácil acesso nas farmácias comunitárias. Palavras- chave: 1. Contraceptivo de emergência 2. Farmácia comunitária 3. Serviço de Atendimento farmacêutico

Previous findings enable us to hypothesize that (-)-α-bisabolol acts as inhibitor of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels in smooth muscle. The current study was aimed at consolidating such hypothesis through the recording of isometric tension, measurement of intracellular Ca(2+) as well as discovery of channel target using in silico analysis. In rat aortic rings, (-)-α-bisabolol (1-1000 µM) relaxed KCl- and phenylephrine-elicited contractions, but the IC50 differed significantly (22.8 [17.6-27.7] and 200.7 [120.4-334.6] µM, respectively). The relaxation of phenylephrine contractions remained unaffected by l-NAME, indomethacin, 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, tetraethylammonium, glibenclamide or KT-5720. Under Ca(2+)-free conditions, (-)-α-bisabolol did not alter the contractions evoked by phenylephrine or caffeine whereas it reduced those evoked by CaCl2 in KCl-, but not in PHE-stimulated preparations. Furthermore, it did not significantly alter the contractions evoked by phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate or induced by the extracellular Ca(2+) restoration in cyclopiazonic acid-treated preparations. In mesenteric rings loaded with Fluo-4 AM, (-)-α-bisabolol blunted the tension and the cytosolic levels of Ca(2+) in response to K(+) but not to norepinephrine. Silico docking analysis of the Cavβ2a subunit of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel indicated putative docking sites for (-)-α-bisabolol. These findings reinforce the ability of (-)-α-bisabolol to inhibit preferentially contractile responses evoked by Ca(2+) influx through voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels.

-Terpineol is a monoterpene with smooth muscle relaxant properties. In this study, its effects on the gastric emptying rate of awake rats were evaluated with emphasis on the mode by which it induces gastrointestinal actions. Administered by gavage, -terpineol (50 mg/kg) delayed gastric emptying of a liquid test meal at 10 min postprandial. Hexamethonium or guanethidine did not interfere with the retarding effect induced by-terpineol, but atropine and L-N-nitroarginine methyl ester abolished it. In vagotomized rats, -terpineol did not delay gastric emptying. In isolated strips of gastric fundus, concentration-effect curves in response to carbamylcholine were higher in magnitude after treatment with the monoterpene.-Terpineol (1 to 2000 µM) relaxed sustained contractions induced by carbamylcholine or a high K concentration in a concentration-dependent manner. This relaxing effect was not affected by the presence of L-N-nitroarginine methyl ester, 1 H-[1, 2, 4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, tetraethylammonium, or atropine. Smooth muscle contractions induced by electrical field stimulation were inhibited by -terpineol. In conclusion,-terpineol induced gastric retention in awake rats through mechanisms that depended on intact vagal innervation to the stomach, which involved cholinergic/nitrergic signalling. Such a retarding effect induced by -terpineol appears not to result from a direct action of the monoterpene on gastric smooth muscle cells.