Formation and development of competition in a market economy (on the example of the tourist industry of Ukraine). The article reveals the issues of formation and development of competition of the Ukrainian tourism industry. The authors of the article clarified and expanded the conceptual apparatus and determined the specificity of competition in tourism at different levels of tourism management. The main approaches for the assessment of competitiveness at the macro and meso levels were analyzed with the aim of improving the methodology for assessing the level of competitiveness of a tourist destination. The methodology of a comprehensive assessment of the really achievable competitiveness of tourist destinations was developed. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study are research and development of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, related to formation and development of competition in the tourism industry, legislative and regulatory acts of Ukraine in this field, the specialized materials of scientific conferences and symposia. The study used the following methods: grouping-the formation of a conceptual model of the relationship of competition in tourism at different levels; generalization-in determining the main causes that increase competition in the global tourism market at all levels; to form a methodology for assessing the realistically achievable level of competitiveness of a tourist destination. The originality consists in refining, supplementing and developing the methodology for assessing the competitiveness of the tourism industry at the macroand meso-level, introducing a new concept of the really achievable competitiveness of a tourist destination. The results of the study are the basis for effective strategic management of tourism enterprises of Ukraine, capable to enhance the competitiveness of the industry.
В статті представлено ключові аспекти оцінювання економічного потенціалу інтегрованих та відокремелених виробничих систем промислових підприємств. На основі використання поелементного витратного підходу було визначено, що інтегровані виробничі системи вигідніші, ніж відокремлені, якщо загальна вартість інтегрованої виробничої системи менша. Виробнича вартість інтегрованої та відокремленої виробничої системи залежать від кількості паралельних верстатів, необхідних для досягнення бажаних обсягів виробництва. В статті доведено, що інтегрвоані виробничі системи мають вищий економічний потенціал при невеликих обсягах виробництва. Визначено, що інтеграція виробничих систем є ефективною, якщо змінні непрямі витрати мультитехнологічної платформи менші за маржинальні витрати для низьких обсягів виробництва. Проблема класифікації та застосування гнучких, відокремлених та інтегрованих виробничих систем складає перспективи подальших досліджень.Methodological aspects of assessing the economic potential of integrated and separate manufacturing systems of industrial enterprises are given in a research. The purpose of the study is an assessment of the economic potential of a separate and integrated manufacturing system of an industrial enterprise using an element-by-element cost approach. The integration of p manufacturing systems aims to replace the existing system of at least two single-tech machines with multi-tech platforms. All processes performed by more than one sequentially operating machine with a single technology must take place on one multi-technology platform, if the manufacturing system is integrated. Based on the use of element-by-element cost approach, it was determined that integrated systems are more profitable than separate ones if the total cost of the integrated manufacturing system is lower. The production cost of an integrated and separate manufacturing system depends on the number of parallel machines required to achieve the desired production volumes. It is proved that integrated manufacturing systems have a higher economic potential with small production volumes. It is determined that the integration of manufacturing systems is effective if the variable indirect costs of a multi-technology platform are less than the marginal costs for low production volumes. Integrated manufacturing systems are more profitable than separate ones if the total cost of the integrated manufacturing system is less. For low production volumes, one multi-technology platform can replace a separate manufacturing system. For large production volumes, an integrated production system is more profitable if the costs associated with the critical production of a multi-technology platform are lower than the total costs associated with the critical production of a separate manufacturing system. Accordingly, integrated manufacturing systems at the current stage of development of the production organization have a higher economic potential for enterprises with low production volumes. The problem of classification and application of flexib...
The power decentralization processes have characteristic features. Having a comprehensive system of local self-government simplifies the bureaucratic component and improves the quality of service delivery. An important place in the formation and development of newly created united territorial communities is occupied by land management and urban planning documentation, the availability of which allows to quickly solving a complex of issues related to land resource management, etc. The research used methods of analysis, synthesis, abstract and logical methods, which helped to reveal the main results and draw conclusions. The study found that the formation of united territorial communities took place using the leading experience of countries that have passed this path. Provision of urban planning and land management documentation at the regional level is higher than at the local level. In order to comprehensively determine land planning and use at the local level, processes of developing comprehensive plans for spatial development of communities, which are becoming relevant as a basic document containing a detailed analysis of the current state of communities, availability and level of their potential. This article contains a reasonable set of measures that can meet the current needs of functioning and development of local communities.
The features of small and medium business in Ukraine require an integrated approach to sustainability management, which includes taking into account the positions of key stakeholders and their resource contribution to business activities. The main guideline in sustainability provision is the detection and scanning of social requirements, as well as adequate and timely response to the stakeholders’ requests. The purpose of the research is to monitor the level of imbalance of resource exchange between small and medium business and its key stakeholders in the regions of Ukraine. The following methods were used in the research: focus groups survey, statistical generalization, correlation-regression analysis, linear modeling, and graphical method. Based on the results of modeling the resource interaction of small and medium business with the main stakeholders, the vectors of the "ideal" and "real" resource exchange structure were constructed. The difference in the structures of these vectors reflects the imbalance of the existing resource exchange in the system, which can be expressed by the ratio of imbalance. The smaller the value of this ratio, the more balanced is resource exchange. It is proved that small businesses have an increased need for strong personal relationships with the local community and authorities. It is important for companies to identify the importance of stakeholders according to their resource contribution. To form a strategy of sustainability it is necessary to understand which of the stakeholders’ groups make the greatest contribution to the imbalance between the "ideal" and "real" resource exchange structure. The study shows that social responsibility is important not only for the internal policy of the business entity, but also when interacting with external environment, with stakeholders, both private and government, business partners. Only a responsibility for own and partner activities at each stage of communication can guarantee further synergy of results. Regional features of social development processes require appropriate measures of administrative regulation aimed at creating appropriate conditions for stimulating the social activity of small and medium businesses. The main direction of development of the modern regional development strategy is the priority of public needs.
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