Chemically intuitive information from MIA molecular descriptors that correlate to bioactivity values was obtained from the analysis of PLS regression coefficients and variable importance in projection scores.

Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado. Qualidade de pitaia (Hylocereus undatus) submetida à adubação orgânica e armazenada sob refrigeração Quality of pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) submitted to organic fertilization and stored under refrigeration ResumoNeste trabalho, foi investigado o efeito da adubação orgânica, associada à refrigeração, na qualidade de pitaias vermelhas. As plantas foram adubadas, durante 4 anos, a cada três meses, conforme os seguintes tratamentos: testemunha (sem adubação) (T1); esterco bovino (14 kg/planta) (T2); esterco de galinha (2 kg/planta) (T3) e esterco de galinha (2 kg/planta) + esterco bovino (14 kg/planta) (T4). Os frutos foram armazenados por 21 dias a 13 °C e avaliados, nos dias 0, 7, 14 e 21, quanto à perda de massa fresca, cor, firmeza, acidez total titulável (AT), pH, sólidos solúveis totais (SST), SST/AT, açúcares totais, redutores e não redutores. Os resultados mostraram que, durante o armazenamento refrigerado da pitaia, os tratamentos de adubação orgânica interferiram nos parâmetros de qualidade avaliados, atenuando a perda de qualidade de frutos. Destaca-se que a adubação com esterco de bovino associada ao esterco de galinha foi mais eficaz que as demais adubações orgânicas e resultaram em frutos com menores perdas de qualidade durante o armazenamento. Palavras-chave: Esterco bovino; Esterco de galinha; Pós-colheita. AbstractIn this work the effect of organic fertilization associated with refrigeration on red pitaya quality was investigated. For 4 years the plants were fertilized every three months according to the following treatments: control (no fertilization) (T1); bovine manure (14 kg / plant) (T2); chicken manure (2 kg / plant) (T3) and chicken manure (2 kg / plant) + bovine manure (14 kg / plant) (T4). The fruits were stored for 21 days at 13 °C and evaluated on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 for loss of fresh mass, colour, firmness, total titratable acidity (TTA), pH, total soluble solids (TSS), TSS / TA, total sugars and reducing and non-reducing sugars. The results showed that during refrigerated storage of the pitaya fruits, the organic fertilization treatments interfered with the quality parameters evaluated, attenuating the loss of fruit quality. It should be highlighted that fertilization with bovine manure associated with chicken manure proved to be more effective than the other organic fertilizers, and resulted in fruits with reduced quality losses during storage. Keywords

The aim of this study was to quantify antioxidant substances and chlorophyll content, as well as to measure the antioxidant activity in cassava leaf flour (CLF) of different cultivars at several plant ages, in order to lead to a higher utilization of these leaves, and consequently to an enhancement of this agricultural by-product. The contents of antioxidant substances (vitamin C, polyphenols and β-carotene) were regarded as high and increased as the plants matured. The chlorophyll content decreased with plant maturity and presented a negative correlation with antioxidant substances, which indicates that the highest antioxidant levels are found when the plant presents low chlorophyll levels. CLF showed a high antioxidant activity when the lipid oxidation inhibition method (β-carotene/linoleic acid) was used, and moderate when the free radical capture method (ABTS) was used. The main contribution to the CLF antioxidant activity seems to be provided by vitamin C, which presented the best correlation with the ABTS test. Out of the ages studied, that of 14 months presented the highest antioxidant levels; Mocotó and Pão da China cultivars stood out the most.

-In recent years, with the change in consumer profile, the demand for foods with low levels or even without pesticides has increased. Bagging fruits in the field is considered one of the oldest and effective phytosanitary practices, being an alternative to chemical control. The aim of the present work was to test some types of packaging in the bagging of pitaia fruits during their development in the plant in order to maintain quality. Red pitaia plant fruits [Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose] five years post-planting were used. The experimental design used was random blocks, with 5 treatments, 4 repetitions and 10 fruits per plot. Treatments consisted of control (without bagging), newspaper bag, Kraft paper bag, waxed paper bag and Non-woven bag (NW). The following characteristics were evaluated: percentage of remaining fruits up to harvest; percentage of damaged fruits; fruit mass; longitudinal and transverse diameter; pulp yield; peel thickness; soluble solids content (SS); pH; titratable acidity (TA) and SS/TA ratio. There was no difference among treatments for most of the characteristics analyzed, except for percentage of remaining fruits on the plant and percentage of damaged fruits. Bagging does not alter the physical and chemical characteristics of red pitaia fruits. NW and newspaper bags are more effective in bagging pitaia fruits due to greater permanence in the fruit during its development in the plant. Index terms: Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose, packaging, post-harvest quality. QUALIDADE DE FRUTOS DE PITAIA SUBMETIDOS AO ENSACAMENTO NO CAMPORESUMO -Nos últimos anos, com a mudança no perfil do consumidor, tem aumentado a exigência por alimentos com níveis reduzidos ou mesmo isentos de agrotóxicos. O ensacamento dos frutos no campo é considerado uma das práticas fitossanitárias mais antigas e eficazes, sendo uma alternativa ao uso do controle químico. Objetivou-se, no presente trabalho, testar alguns tipos de embalagem no ensacamento dos frutos de pitaia durante seu desenvolvimento na planta, visando à manutenção de sua qualidade. Foram utilizados frutos de plantas de pitaia-vermelha [Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose] com cinco anos pós-plantio. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 5 tratamentos, 4 repetições e 10 frutos por parcela. Os tratamentos foram constituídos da testemunha (sem ensacamento), saco de jornal, saco de papel Kraft, saco de papel-manteiga e saco de tecido não tecido (TNT). As seguintes características foram avaliadas: porcentagem de frutos remanescentes até à colheita, porcentagem de frutos danificados, massa dos frutos, diâmetro longitudinal e transversal, rendimento de polpa, espessura da casca, teor de sólidos solúveis (SS), pH, acidez titulável (AT) e relação SS/AT. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos para a maioria das características analisadas, com exceção do percentual de frutos remanescentes na planta e do percentual de frutos danificados. O ensacamento não altera as características físicas e químicas ...

A series of quinolon-4(1H)-imines have been recently discovered as antimalarials, targeting both the exoerythrocytic and erythrocytic stages of the parasite's development stages, which correspond to the phase of clinical symptoms. Endowed with chemical and metabolic stability, the quinolon-4(1H)- imines are thus presented as promissory dual-stage antimalarials. Three versions of multivariate image analysis applied to quantitative structure-activity relationship (MIA-QSAR) methods, namely traditional MIA-QSAR, augmented MIA-QSAR (aug-MIA-QSAR) and color-encoded aug-MIA-QSAR (aug- MIA-QSARcolor), were applied to model the antimalarial activities in this series of compounds. The multiple linear regression models indicated that the aug-MIA-QSAR method is more predictive and reliable than the others (R(2) = 0.8079, R(2)cv = 0.6647 and R(2)pred = 0.9691) for this series of compounds. The selected aug- MIA-QSAR descriptors were used for pattern recognition using discriminant analysis by partial least squares (PLS-DA), in order to separate compounds with low, moderate and high bioactivities.