Two major saponins have been isolated from the stem bark of Cussonia barteri Seem (Araliaceae). Structural elucidation employing mainly 'H-and '3C-NMR, FAB-MS and GC-MS spectroscopic methods revealed a new hederagenin 28-O-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-4)-13-D-glucopyranosyl (1-* 6)]-3-n-glucopyranosyl ester (Cussonoside A), and the corresponding oleanolic acid analogue (Cussonoside B). Cussonoside A exhibits a pronounced sedative effect. mode) showed a molecular ion at mlz 941 ([M-H]) indicating a molecular weight of 942. Signals at m/z 795 ([(M-H)-146]), 633 ([(M-H)-308]) and 471 ([(M-H)-470]) correspond to the ubsequent loss of a rhamnosyl moiety and two hexosyl moieties. Upon acid hydrolysis, saponin A furnished hederage
Two new triterpene-saponins, 3-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----3)-( beta- D-glucuronopyranosyl)]oleanolic acid (1), 3-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl- (1----3)-(beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl)]oleanolic acid (2) together with five known saponins (3-7) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the fruits of Randia dumetorum (Retz) Lam. (Rubiaceae). Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectral data. The compounds 1, 3, 4, 5 were found to enhance significantly the proliferation of human lymphocytes in vitro. The crude saponin fraction showed haemolytic, molluscicidal, and immunostimulating activities.
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