Two new triterpene-saponins, 3-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----3)-( beta- D-glucuronopyranosyl)]oleanolic acid (1), 3-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl- (1----3)-(beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl)]oleanolic acid (2) together with five known saponins (3-7) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the fruits of Randia dumetorum (Retz) Lam. (Rubiaceae). Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectral data. The compounds 1, 3, 4, 5 were found to enhance significantly the proliferation of human lymphocytes in vitro. The crude saponin fraction showed haemolytic, molluscicidal, and immunostimulating activities.
Intact rats (1) and mice (2) are frequently used as mammalian test models for the detection and evaluation of biological activity in plant material and metabolite fractions, We have used the
PostersPlanta Medica 55 (1989) 661 The IC50 values are in the range from 123 1iM (eugenol), 150 RM (trans-anethol), 166 M (linalyl acetate) to 1.1 mM [D(-)-menthol]. Fenchone and thymol showed no inhibition up to concentrations of 1 mM. Millimolar concentrations of o(-)-menthol, trans-anethol, and eugenol induced release of adenine nucleotides of 13111-adenosine-prelabeled endothelial cells.All cells reacted more sensitively to the complex essential oils. 100 nl per ml exerted cytotoxic effects.Under in rico conditions, the compounds and their concentrations reaching the target organs will be influenced by a lot of factors, e.g. by biotransformation, by interaction with lipophilic blood components, and by the barrier function of the endothelium.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.