Wildlife Rescue Center of Cikananga (PPSC), is a non governmental organization (NGO) which has facilitated rescue and rehabilitated wildlife, released wildlife to nature, and educated wildlife conservation programs. The purposes of this study were to obtain information on management and behaviour of eagles at the PPSC. Method was done by tabulation of eagle species from the year of 2005-2008, average activities as motionless, movement and eating behaviour. The number of eagles in the PPSC was 65 individuals which included in 14 species. The total number of eagles released to the nature was 31 individuals until 2005. Observation in cage showed that stasionary activity as a part of motionless behaviour was about 29.4%; this activity was done in a long time but withless frequency. Moreover, the stasionary activity was done when the temperature of environment colder and the birds stayed on the woody stick. The frequent movement behaviours were flying (18.46%), visiting food (13.20%), and walking (10.39%). The eating behaviours were different by eagle species and food kinds. Feeding live prey could raise wildbeast behaviour, shorter time of visiting and eating food. Species and environment sanitation were done by checking of eagle healthy, giving of medicine and cleaning of cage. ABSTRAKPusat Penyelamatan Satwa Cikananga (PPSC) merupakan salah satu lembaga swadaya masyarakat (LSM) yang memfasilitasi penyelamatan dan rehabilitasi satwaliar, pelepasliaran satwaliar ke habitat alamnya, dan pendidikan program konservasi satwaliar. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang pengelolaan dan perilaku burung elang di PPSC. Metode yang digunakan adalah tabulasi keragaman jenis burung elang dari tahun 2005-2008, rata-rata aktivitas perilaku diam, bergerak dan ingestif. Burung elang di PPSC berjumlah 65 individu, 14 jenis dan yang telah dilepasliarkan sampai tahun 2005 berjumlah 31 individu. Pengamatan di kandang menunjukkan aktivitas stasioner (diam) yang merupakan bagian perilaku diam sebesar 29,4% yang berlangsung lama dengan frekuensi kecil. Aktivitas ini dilakukan saat suhu lingkungan mulai naik atau tinggi dengan bertengger pada kayu. Perilaku bergerak yang sering dilakukan adalah terbang (18,46%), mendatangi pakan (13,20%), dan berjalan (10,39%). Perilaku makan dibedakan menurut jenis burung dan pakan. Pemberian pakan berupa mangsa hidup membangkitkan sifat liar, memperpendek waktu mendekati makan maupun aktivitas makan. Sanitasi burung elang dan lingkungan dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan kesehatan, pemberian obat-obatan, dan pembersihan kandang.

ABSTRAKRusa timor (Rusa timorensis Blainville, 1822) memiliki nilai ekonomi yang sangat tinggi di mana seluruh bagiannya dapat dimanfaatkan. Namun populasinya di habitat alam cenderung menurun sejalan dengan pengrusakan habitat dan perburuan liar yang tidak terkendali. Mengatasi masalah tersebut, pembangunan penangkaran rusa timor merupakan alternatif yang perlu dikembangkan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan memperoleh informasi tentang keberhasilan dan kelayakan finansial penangkaran rusa timor di Hutan Penelitian (HP) Dramaga, Bogor. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis kriteria investasi yakni Benefit Cost Ratio, Net Present Value, dan Internal Rate of Return. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, nilai finansial penangkaran rusa timor di HP Dramaga memberi keuntungan dengan nilai NPV sebesar Rp 204.871.702,-pada tingkat suku bunga 18%; BCR 1,419; dan IRR 25,55% serta kemampuan mengembalikan modal setelah 3,78 tahun. Perkiraan populasi rusa hingga tahun ke-10 sebanyak 115 individu (67 jantan dan 48 betina) dari jumlah populasi awal sembilan individu (lima jantan dan empat betina). Pada tahun kedua, rusa hasil penangkaran mulai dapat dipanen dan pada tahun ke-10 populasi rusa harus optimal dengan sex ratio1:4 yakni sebanyak 61individu (13 jantan dan 48 betina). Jumlah rusa yang dimanfaatkan sebanyak 54 individu jantan.

<p>Feed Plant Availability and Carrying Capacity of Rusa timorensis deBlainville, 1822 at Dramaga Research Forest Area. The research was conducted to know potenstial feed plant availability and carrying capacity at Dramaga Research Forest Area. Data was collected by measuring feed plant productivity of 45 plots with size 1 m x 1 m, and consumption level of four rusa deer (Rusa timorensis de Blainville, 1822). The result showed that the highest feed plant productivity was 17,362.09 kg/ha/year, and the lowest was 502.22 kg/ha/year. Light intensity correlation (y. lux) with dry weight production in 20 days (x. kg/ha), is y = 4.64 x -15.46 (r = 0.95). Feed plant availability was 121,607.01 kg/year, while consupmtion level based on fresh weight was 6,4 kg/individual/day or 2,336 kg/individual/year. Carrying capacity on observation area (11.9 ha) was 52 individual/year or 3.13 individual/ha/year.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketersediaan hijauan pakan potensial serta daya dukung kawasan Hutan Penelitian Dramaga sebagai sumber pakan rusa timor (Rusa timorensis de Blainville, 1822) di penangkaran. Pengukuran produktivitas hijauan pakan dilakukan dalam 45 plot contoh berukuran 1 m x 1 m, serta pengamatan tingkat konsumsi pakan terhadap empat individu rusa timor (R. timorensis) yang mewakili jantan, betina, kelas umur anak dan dewasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas bobot basah hijauan pakan rusa timor (R. timorensis) di Hutan Penelitian Dramaga tertinggi adalah 17.362,09 kg/ha/tahun dan yang terendah sebesar 502,22 kg/ ha/tahun. Korelasi produktivitas hijauan dengan intensitas cahaya (y, lux) dengan produktivitas bobot kering dalam 20 hari (x, kg/ha) adalah y = 4,64 x -15,46 (r = 0,95). Ketersediaan pakan rata-rata pada Hutan Penelitian Dramaga sebesar 121.607,01 kg/tahun sedangkan tingkat konsumsi pakan rusa timor (R. timorensis) berdasarkan bobot basah pakan adalah 6,4 kg/individu/hari atau 2.336 kg/individu/tahun. Pada areal yang diamati seluas 11,9 ha maka daya dukung habitat adalah 52 individu/tahun atau rata-rata sebesar 3,13 individu/ha/tahun.</p>

In nature, pangolin population trends to decrease because of illegal hunting. In order to protect them, it needs to anticipate with captive breeding. The purpos of this research was to provide information and to analyze the pangolin behaviour ensure the success of captive breeding. The method was interview with the keeper, observation of the pangolin and the cages. Numbers of pangolin used in the research were 11 individual. Parameters used were behaviour of moving, sleeping and feeding. The size of the cages were 2 m x 5 m x 2 m. The behaviour of the pangolin were walking (3.51%), coming to food (2.72%), climbing (2.23%), and standing (0.64%). Position of sleeping behaviour was rounded (5.82%), and then following as supine (2.45%) and stretching of body (0.82%). This condition relates with sleeping position or life protected in the nature from predators. Drinking activities (3.44%) was more than eating behaviour (2.79%), urinoir (1.53%), and defecation behaviour (1.4%).

<p>Utilization of Forest Products by the Society at the Time Have Been Amended Due to Changes in Tastes and Consumption Levels of Society and Increase Social Dynamics of Society. Slamet E. Sumanto and Mariana Takandjandji. This study aims to determine patterns of utilization of forest products by communities and the pattern changes and the influence on forest management. Research conducted in Timor Tengah Selatan regency of East Nusa Tenggara. Methods of data collection using direct interview techniques, field documentation and library literature. The results showed that the general public has long recognized and use forest products for housing construction, energy and wood fences, craft materials and traditional musical instruments, a dye, and the use of other (honey bees, forest products followup likes as tamarin and walnut, as well as handicrafts). Local knowledge and utilization of local plant species should be a consideration in forest management policy in the future.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Pemanfaatan hasil hutan oleh masyarakat pada saat ini telah mengalami perubahan karena perubahan selera dan tingkat konsumsi masyarakat serta peningkatan dinamika sosial masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola pemanfaatan hasil hutan oleh masyarakat dan pola perubahannya serta pengaruhnya terhadap pengelolaan hutan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara langsung, dokumentasi lapang serta beberapa literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara umum masyarakat telah lama mengenal dan memanfaatkan hasil hutan untuk keperluan pembangunan rumah, kayu energi dan pagar, bahan kerajinan dan alat musik tradisional, bahan pewarna kain, serta pemanfaatan lainnya (lebah madu, hasil hutan ikutan asam dan kemiri, kerajinan tangan). Pengetahuan lokal dan pemanfaatan tumbuhan lokal seyogianya dapat menjadi pertimbangan kebijakan pengelolaan hutan di masa depan.</p>

Behaviour of bayan sumba bird (Eclectus roratus cornelia Bonaparte) is necessarily observed to support the captive breeding in Hambala, East Sumba. This research aimed to identify the health, breeding ability, and process of adaptation of the bird to new environment to find out about proper management of captive breeding. Bird's behavior was directly observed in captivity. The research found that the bayan sumba bird in Hambala had four main behaviours consisting of 13 kinds activities. These behaviours were (1) moving consisted of flying, walking, fighting, and hanging activities, (2) idle consisted of perching, resting, and exposing himself to the sun activities, (3) ingestive covered eating, drinking, and cleaning up activities, and (4) mating consisted of approaching to attract a hen, touching head of hen (with his beak), and paying court to a hen activities.

Myna bird (Gracula religiosa mertensi Rensch 1928) is one of the natural resources richness of the Alor Island in East Nusa Tenggara. The bird has an important source of economic values of the local people. However, the bird population rapidly decreases each year. Today, the bird is hardly found in the native habitat. Therefore, the conservations of the bird and its habitat are highly needed. The objective of this study was to determine the behaviour of Alor's Myna in captivity breeding of Oilsonbai, East Nusa Tenggara, and to establish the breeding system in line with the ex situ conservation program. The study was using four birds. The daily behaviour of bird is the main parameter concerned in this study. The results showed that there were identified 13 daily activities of the Myna, and can be classified into three main behaviours. The main bird behaviours were motionless, movements, and ingested. The motionless behaviours include rest, stationary, and action of drying in the sun. The activities of movements were going through certain activities, walking, climbing, visiting, flying, cleanliness of the body/mopping up activities, hanging on to the wire, and whistling. The ingested actions cover food consuming, drinking, defecation, and urinate. The analysis showed that frequency averages the movement's behaviour about 472 times with activities average 67 times/ head/day, whereas average relative frequency about 8.2%. Frequency averages behaviour of bird ingested are 344 times with activities average 49.2 times/head/day, and average relative frequency about 6.1%. Frequency averages motionless behaviour were around 340 times with activities average 49 times/head/day and average relative frequency about 6%.Key words: Behaviour, Alor's Myna, activities, frequency, captivity breeding. ABSTRAKBurung beo Alor (Gracula religiosa mertensi Rensch 1928), merupakan salah satu sumber Daya alam Nusa Tenggara Timur. Burung ini mempunyai nilai ekonomi yang penting bagi masyarakat lokal. Namun populasinya telah menurun, sehingga saat ini sulit ditemukan di habitat alamnya. Oleh karena itu, pelestariannya perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku burung beo Alor di penangkaran guna menentukan sistem penangkaran yang sesuai dengan program konservasi ex situ. Pengamatan menggunakan empat ekor burung beo Alor. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan burung beo Alor di penangkaran Oilsonbai memiliki 13 macam aktivitas harian yang digolongkan ke dalam tiga perilaku utama, yaitu perilaku diam, bergerak, dan ingestif. Perilaku diam adalah istirahat, stasioner, berjemur. Perilaku bergerak adalah jalan, memanjat, mendatangi, terbang, membersihkan diri, menggelantung, dan bersuara. Perilaku ingestif adalah makan, minum, defekasi, dan urinasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan rata-rata frekuensi pada perilaku bergerak adalah 472 kali dengan rata-rata aktivitas 67 kali/ekor/hari, dan rata-rata frekuensi relatif 8,2%. Rata-rata frekuensi pada perilaku ingestif adalah 344 kali dengan rata-rata aktivitas 49 kali/ekor/hari,...

Conservation status of sunda pangolin (Manis javanica , 1822) is listed as protected species. However, this Desmarest species is threatened by illegal trade. The pangolin is a scaly and toothless mammal. The main foods of this species are ants and termites. Some people believe that sunda pangolin is beneficial to the health so that trigger of very high commercial value. The research objectives were to determine the public perception on its utilization related to poaching and illegal trade and also to estimate the number of illegal trade during the period of 2002 to 2015. Snowball and purposive sampling techniques were carried out in data collecting by using questionnaire to respondents as key informants. Communities perceived that Sunda pangolin have a high economic value of wildlife that can increase people's income (40%) and can be poached if there is a chance (52%). Over the last fourteen years, as much as 319,460 of sunda pangolins were exported. To address these issues can be done through improving regulation in line with international regulations such as CITES, capacity building of rangers and investigators in related to online trading and use of electronic evidence, increasing public awareness, DNA forensics, as well as cooperation with related parties.