As agências reguladoras se constituíram como a grande inovação institucional da reforma do Estado brasileiro. De modo a suprir o gap de legitimidade que emerge do fato de que tais agências não são controladas diretamente por nenhum representante eleito, seu desenho institucional foi formulado de modo a propiciar mecanismos de participação social. Entre estes, as audiências públicas se constituem no objeto deste estudo. Pergunta-se: a quais interesses serve esse mecanismo de participação social? De modo a responder tal questionamento, é realizada uma análise institucional do mecanismo e um mapeamento dos participantes e das colaborações enviadas às audiências da Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (Aneel) (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006). A análise dos dados indica uma sobrerrepresentação dos interesses dos regulados. Por fim, o estudo indica que as audiências públicas permitem a permeabilidade da ação regulatória aos diversos grupos da sociedade. Entretanto, essa permeabilidade demonstra uma tendência seletiva, podendo se constituir numa via de acesso à captura. Palavras-chave: agências reguladoras; grupos de interesse; accoutability; audiências públicas.Mecanismos de participación y actuación de grupos de interés en el proceso regulatorio brasileño: el caso de la Agencia Nacional de Energía Eléctrica (Aneel) Las agencias reguladoras se constituyeron como la gran innovación institucional de la Reforma del Estado brasileño. Con el fin de proporcionar el gap de legitimidad que surge del hecho de que dichas agencias no están controladas directamente por ningún representante elegido, su diseño institucional fue formulado para propiciar mecanismos de participación social. Entre estos, las audiencias públicas se constituyen en el objeto de este estudio. La pregunta es: ¿a cuáles intereses sirve ese mecanismo de participación social? Para responder dicho cuestionamiento, se realiza un análisis institucional del mecanismo y un mapeo de los participantes y de las colaboraciones enviadas a las audiencias de Aneel (1998Aneel ( -2006. El análisis de los datos indica una sobrerrepresentación de los intereses de los participantes sujetos al reglamento. Por fin, el estudio indica que las audiencias públicas permiten la permeabilidad de la acción regulatoria a los diversos grupos de la sociedad. Sin embargo, esa permeabilidad demuestra una tendencia selectiva, pudiendo constituirse en una vía de acceso a la captura. Pa l a b r a s c l av e : agencias reguladoras; grupos de interés; accoutability; audiencias públicas.Mechanisms of participation and performance of interest groups in the Brazilian regulatory process: the case of the National Agency of Electrical Energy (Aneel) Regulatory agencies have been constituted as the great institutional innovation of the Reform of the Brazilian State. In order to bridge the gap of legitimacy that emerges from the fact that such agencies are not directly controlled by any elected representatives, their institutional design has been formulated so as to provide mechan...
Resumo: Qual é o efeito do financiamento de campanha sobre o comportamento do parlamentar? Este artigo analisa a votação dos deputados federais brasileiros (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007) em relação aos projetos de interesse da Confederação Nacional da Indústria (CNI).Metodologicamente, o artigo combina estatística descritiva e multivariada para testar a hipótese de que quanto maior é o financiamento de campanha pela indústria, maior é a cooperação do parlamentar com os interesses desse setor. Foram utilizados análise de cluster e modelos de regressão logístico e de Poisson para estimar o efeito do financiamento de campanha sobre a cooperação do parlamentar com o setor da indústria. Os resultados confirmam parcialmente a hipótese. Não foi encontrada relação entre o financiamento da indústria e a cooperação dos parlamentares, mas confirma-se que a proporção de recursos corporativos influencia positivamente a cooperação dos parlamentares brasileiros com os interesses da CNI, controlando por diferentes variáveis.Esses resultados se alinham à literatura internacional sobre o tema, que encontra uma relação positiva entre contribuições de campanha e comportamento congressual.Palavras-chave: financiamento de campanha; comportamento legislativo; indústria; CNI Abstract: What is the effect of campaign financing on the behavior of congressman? This article analyzes the vote of Brazilian federal deputies (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007) in relation to the projects of interest to the National Confederation of Industry (CNI). Methodologically, the article combines descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis to test the hypothesis that, the higher the campaign financing by industry, greater parliamentary cooperation with the interests of this sector. We use cluster analysis, logistic regression models and Poisson to estimate the effect of campaign financing on cooperation. The results confirm the hypothesis partially. Relationship between industry funding and cooperation of parliamentarians was not found, but it is confirmed that the proportion of corporate resources influences positively the cooperation of Brazilian parliamentarians with the interests of the CNI, controlling by different variables. These results align to the international literature about the subject that finds a positive relationship between campaign contributions and Congressional behavior. (1985), Coughlin (1985), Schroedel (1986), Langbein (1986, Wilhite e Theilmann (1986;1987), Tosini e Tower (1987), Saltzman (1987), Jones e Kaiser (1987), Masters e Zardkoohi (1988), Wilhite e Paul (1989), Langbein e Lotwis (1990), Neustadtl (1990), Hall e Wayman (1990), Davis (1993), Stratmann (19911998;), Durden, Shogren e Silberman (1991 e Holian e Krebs (1997). 3 Para exemplos de trabalhos que não identificam efeito do financiamento sobre a atuação parlamentar, ver: Kau e Rubin (1978), Welch (1982), Chappell (1982), Wright (1985, Grenzke (1989), Dow e Endersby (1994), Bronars e Lott (1997) e Wawro (2001. 4 Para exem...
This paper provides an intuitive introduction to cluster analysis. Our targeting audience are both scholars and students in Political Science. Methodologically, we use basic simulation to illustrate the underlying logic of cluster analysis and we replicate data from Coppedge, Alvarez and Maldonado (2008) [1] to classify political regimes according to Dahl's (1971) [2] polyarchy dimensions: contestation and inclusiveness. With this paper, we hope to help novice scholars to understand and employ cluster analysis in Political Science empirical research.
Introduction: The theory points out to the existence of likely links between party ideology and migratory policies, stating that, in principle, values associated with the right, based on nationalism, tend to, restrict immigration dynamics more than those linked to the axiology of the left, anchored in universalism. Does party ideology affect immigration patterns in the European Union? This paper tests the hypothesis that the greater the values in ideology (right-wing governments), the smaller the number of migrants to that specific country. Materials and Methods: The research design replicates secondary data from both a parliament and government database (ParlGov) and the Comparative Manifesto Project. We also use data from the Global Bilateral Migration Database and Bilateral Migration Matrix. Besides the descriptive statistics, we examine the relationship between ideology and migration flows. We estimated two regression models to deal with the following dependent variables: net migration and refugee population by country or territory of asylum. Results: Using data from ParlGov, Manifesto, and QoG, descriptive statistics has stressed a very heterogeneous cartography of political features, ideology, and migration in European Union countries. The first regression analysis using aggregate data suggests that the greater the values of ideology per country (right-wing oriented), the lower the number of people entering that country. However, the findings from our disaggregated statistical analysis, particularly Model 1, indicate no effect of cabinet ideology on net migration. As for the refugee category for immigrants, our results suggest that right-oriented national governments are less receptive to refugees. Model 2 stated that a one-point increase in ideology is associated with a 13% average reduction in the number of refugees entering the country. Discussion: This study advances our current understanding about the relationship between party ideology and immigration patterns. Nonetheless, the results of the regression analysis show limited evidence in favor of our hypothesis that the more to the right of the ideological spectrum governments are, the lower the number of refugees they will accept. However, this analysis is only meant to show a relationship between ideology and migration. Causal claims should be interpreted with caution.
Anuário do Instituto de Geociências -UFRJ www.anuario.igeo.ufrj.br 4
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.