The present study evaluated the chemopreventive potential of (6)-paradol, a pungent phenolic constituent of ginger, on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. The mechanistic pathway for the chemopreventive potential of (6)-paradol was evaluated by measuring the status of tumor incidence, volume and burden as well as by analyzing the status of phase II detoxification agents, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was induced in hamster buccal pouches by painting them with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week for 14 weeks. We observed 100% tumor formation with marked biochemical abnormalities in tumor-bearing animals compared to control animals. Oral administration of 30 mg/kg b.w. (6)-paradol to DMBA-treated hamsters on alternate days from DMBA painting for 14 weeks, significantly reduced the formation of tumors and improved the status of detoxification agents, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants. Therefore, the present study suggests that (6)-paradol has potent chemopreventive, anti-lipid peroxidative and antioxidant potentials as well as a modulating effect on phase II detoxification enzyme and reduced glutathione (GSH) in DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.

The present study aimed to investigate the membrane stabilizing effect of Thymoquinone (TQ) on cell surface glycoconjugates and cytokeratin expression against DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. 0.5% DMBA painting (three times per week) in hamster buccal pouches for 14 weeks resulted in the formation of well developed oral squamous cell carcinoma. We observed 100% tumor formation with marked abnormalities of glycoconjugates status in tumor bearing hamsters as compared to control animals. Oral administration of TQ at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight, to DMBA painted hamsters on alternate days for 14 weeks, reduced the tumor formation as well as protected the levels of cell surface glycoconjugates in DMBA painted hamsters. The present study thus suggests that TQ has potent chemopreventive efficacy as well as protected the abnormalities on cell surface glycoconjugates during DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis [BMB reports 2010; 43(10): 664-669]

The ultimate aim of the present study was to exploring the chemopreventive efficacy of diosgenin on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. The chemopreventive potential of diosgenin was evaluated by measuring the tumour incidence, tumour volume and tumour burden as well as analyzing the activities of detoxification agents, levels of lipid peroxidation byproducts and antioxidants status by specific colorimetric methods. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was developed in the buccal pouches of male Syrian golden hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin, thrice a week for 16 weeks. DMBA painted animals were indicating the morphological changes as depicted as hyperplasia, dysplasia and well-developed squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, antioxidants and lipid peroxidation byproducts levels were drastically altered in DMBA painted hamsters. Oral administration of diosgenin (80 mg/kg bw) to DMBA painted hamsters on alternate days for 16 weeks significantly reduced the formation of oral tumour and normalized the above biochemical abnormalities. We conclude that the diosgenin is probably potent chemopreventive agent due to their antioxidant function in DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the antigenotoxic effect of Mosinone-A on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced genotoxicity. The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes [MnPCEs], chromosomal aberrations [CA], DNA damage (comet assay) as cytogenetic markers and the status of lipid peroxidation byproducts, antioxidants and phase II detoxification agents were used as biochemical markers to assess the antigenotoxic effect of Mosinone-A on DMBA induced genotoxicity. A single intraperitoneal injection of DMBA (30 mg/kg b.wt) to golden Syrian hamsters, resulted in marked elevation in the frequency of MnPCEs, aberrations in the chromosomal structure were found in bone marrow and DNA damage (comet assay) was found in blood cells and altered level of lipid peroxidation, antioxidants, and phase II detoxification agents. Oral pretreatment of Mosinone-A (2 mg/kg b.wt) for 5 days to DMBA treated animals significantly reduced the frequency of MnPCEs, chromosomal abnormalities such as chromosomal break, gap, minute, fragment, DNA damage and reversed the status of biochemical variables. Our results thus demonstrated the antigenotoxic effect of Mosinone-A on DMBA induced genotoxicity in male golden Syrian hamsters.

The present investigation explores the anticlastogenic effect of diosgenin on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) treated clastogenesis. The frequency of bone marrow micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs), chromosomal aberrations (CA), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage as cytogenetic markers and the levels of lipid peroxidation by-products, activities of enzymatic antioxidant and the status of detoxification agents were performed to assess the anticlastogenic effects of diosgenin on DMBA treated hamsters. Intraperitoneal injection of DMBA (30 mg/kg bw) leads to clastogenesis in hamster. Elevated MnPCEs frequencies, CA, DNA damage, enhanced lipid peroxidation by products, declined antioxidant activities and detoxification cascade were observed in DMBA treated hamsters. Oral pretreatment with diosgenin (80 mg/kg bw) daily for a period of five days significantly reduced the frequency of MnPCEs, CA, DNA damage and normalized the levels of lipid peroxidation by products with increased activities of antioxidants and detoxification agents in DMBA alone treated hamsters. Outcome of the present study revealed that diosgenin has potent anticlastogenic effects on DMBA treated hamsters.