Objective: to describe the main non-pharmacological interventions for pain relief in newborns available in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Method: an exploratory search of the MedLine, Lilacs and Scielo online databases was conducted to retrieve references of studies published from 2004 to 2013. Results: several non-pharmacological interventions were shown to be effective, to represent low risk for neonates and to have a low operational cost. The ones most often discussed in the literature were: oral administration of glucose/sucrose, non-nutritive sucking, breastfeeding, skin-to-skin contact, facilitated tucking and swaddling. Conclusion: healthcare teams should be familiar with these methods and use them more effectively in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit daily routines, so as to ensure that newborns receive qualifi ed and more human care.

This study identifies the adverse events related to the use of central venous catheters (CVC) in newborns admitted to a neonatal care unit. This is a quantitative, descriptive and retrospective study. The population consisted of 167 newborns admitted in the neonatal unit of the Hospital de Clínicas at Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil which used CVCs inserted through percutaneous puncture (PICC) and surgical insertion, totaling 241 catheters. There was a higher prevalence of mechanical adverse events in the PICC line insertions, with a preponderance of catheter occlusions (19.44%) and ruptures (8.8%). The surgically inserted CVCs had a higher prevalence of catheter-related infectious adverse events with the most common being clinical sepsis (16%). This study suggests that the correct insertion technique should be used and a specialized team should monitor the CVCs to ensure safety and prevent adverse events.

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Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Rua São Manoel, 963. 90620-110, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. RESUMOIntrodução: O contato pele a pele (CPP) entre mãe e recém-nascido (RN) é uma intervenção simples, que facilita o processo de transição deste para o meio extra-uterino e favorece o início da amamentação precoce. Este estudo objetivou analisar a prevalência de CPP entre mãe e RN e de amamentação na primeira hora de vida.Métodos: Estudo transversal, conduzido no centro obstétrico de um hospital universitário no sul do Brasil, em que se observou a interação entre mãe e RN a termo e com peso ≥2500g, durante a primeira hora de vida do neonato (n=111). Utilizou-se estatística descritiva, os testes qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher e correção de Yates para análise dos dados.Resultados: A prevalência de CPP foi de 81%, enquanto 52% dos RN foram amamentados no período. O tempo médio para iniciar a sucção ao seio foi de 29±11 minutos de vida, sendo que 47% RN sugaram por até 15 minutos, 41% sugaram por 15-30 minutos e apenas 12% sugaram por mais de 30 minutos. Conclusão:O contato pele a pele favorece o início da amamentação na primeira hora de vida, sendo recomendado como indicador assistencial. Palavras-chave: EnfermagemABSTRACT Introduction: Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) between mother and newborn is a simple intervention that facilitates the baby's process of transition to the extrauterine environment and favors the initiation of early breastfeeding. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of SSC between mother and newborn and of breastfeeding in the first hour of life (n=111). Methods:A cross-sectional study conducted at the obstetric center of a university hospital in southern Brazil, where the interaction between mother and newborn was observed at term and weighing ≥2500g, during the neonate's first hour of life (n=111). Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and Yates correction were used for data analysis.Results: The prevalence of SSC was 81%, while 52% of the newborns were breastfed in the period. The mean time to start suckling at the breast was 29 ± 11 minutes, with 47% newborns sucking for up to 15 minutes, 41% sucking for 15-30 minutes and only 12% sucking for more than 30 minutes. Conclusions:Skin-to-skin contact favors the initiation of breastfeeding in the first hour of life and is recommended as a care indicator.

OBJECTIVE: to describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation and clinical validation of the Neonatal Skin Condition Score. METHODS: this methodological cross-cultural adaptation study included five steps: initial translation, synthesis of the initial translation, back translation, review by an Committee of Specialists and testing of the pre-final version, and an observational cross-sectional study with analysis of the psychometric properties using the Adjusted Kappa, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, and Bland-Altman Method statistical tests. A total of 38 professionals were randomly recruited to review the clarity of the adapted instrument, and 47 newborns hospitalized in the Neonatology Unit of the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre were selected by convenience for the clinical validation of the instrument. RESULTS: the adapted scale showed approximately 85% clarity. The statistical tests showed moderate to strong intra and interobserver item to item reliability and from strong to very strong in the total score, with a variation of less than 2 points among the scores assigned by the nurses to the patients. CONCLUSIONS: the scale was adapted and validated to Brazilian Portuguese. The psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Neonatal Skin Condition Score instrument were similar to the validation results of the original scale.

The phenolic compound concentration of olives and olive oil is typically quantified using HPLC; however, this process is expensive and time consuming. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the potential of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics, as a rapid tool for the quantitative prediction of phenol content and antioxidant activity in olive fruits and oils from "Cobrançosa" cultivar. Normalized spectral data using standard normal variate (SNV) and first and second Savitzky-Golay derivatives were used to build calibration models based on principal component regression (PCR) and on partial least squares regression (PLS-R), the performance of both models have been also compared. It was shown the possibility of establishing optimized regression models using the combined frequency regions of 3050-2750 and 1800-790 cm −1 instead of the full mid-infrared spectrum was shown. It was concluded that, in general, the first derivative of data and PLS-R models offered enhanced results. Low root-mean-square error (RMSE) and high correlation coefficients (R 2) for the calibration and for the validation sets were obtained.

Objetive: to characterize the care services performed through risk rating by the Manchester Triage System, identifying demographics (age, gender), main flowcharts, discriminators and outcomes in pediatric emergency Method: cross-sectional quantitative study. Data on risk classification were obtained through a search of computerized registration data from medical records of patients treated in the pediatric emergency within one year. Descriptive statistics with absolute and relative frequencies was used for the analysis. Results: 10,921 visits were conducted in the pediatric emergency, mostly male (54.4%), aged between 29 days and two years (44.5%). There was a prevalence of the urgent risk category (43.6%). The main flowchart used in the care was worried parents (22.4%) and the most prevalent discriminator was recent event (15.3%). The hospitalization outcome occurred in 10.4% of care performed in the pediatric emergency, however 61.8% of care needed to stay under observation and / or being under the health team care in the pediatric emergency. Conclusion: worried parents was the main flowchart used and recent events the most prevalent discriminator, comprising the hospitalization outcomes and permanency in observation in the pediatric emergency before discharge from the hospital.

Objective: To evaluate the stress level of mothers of preterm infants with gestational age ≤34 weeks, hospitalized in neonatal intensive care. Method: A cross-sectional study with 74 mothers of premature infants in neonatal intensive care, who answered the “Parental Stress Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit” instrument, validated in Brazil. Results: The mean stress level was 4.41 (± 0.77) and the general stress level was 4.36 (± 0.76), with a significant difference (p <0.001) between the subscale "Alteration in parental roles” and other subscales, meaning that mothers were in a very stressful situation. Conclusion: All items in the subscale "Alteration in parental roles” of the “Parental Stress Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit” were identified as the main source of stress experienced by mothers. This study suggests carrying out further studies with other methodologies to increase the knowledge of maternal stress in the national context, applying care interventions involving the parents.