Objective: to describe the main non-pharmacological interventions for pain relief in newborns available in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Method: an exploratory search of the MedLine, Lilacs and Scielo online databases was conducted to retrieve references of studies published from 2004 to 2013. Results: several non-pharmacological interventions were shown to be effective, to represent low risk for neonates and to have a low operational cost. The ones most often discussed in the literature were: oral administration of glucose/sucrose, non-nutritive sucking, breastfeeding, skin-to-skin contact, facilitated tucking and swaddling. Conclusion: healthcare teams should be familiar with these methods and use them more effectively in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit daily routines, so as to ensure that newborns receive qualifi ed and more human care.

O. ORCID: 0000-0003-4890-9435, Rayment, J., Haora, P., Wiggins, M. and Harden, A. (2019). Better together: a qualitative exploration of women's perceptions and experiences of group antenatal care. ABSTRACTProblem: Childbearing women from socio-economically disadvantaged communities and minority ethnic groups are less likely to access antenatal care and experience more adverse pregnancy outcomes.Background: Group antenatal care aims to facilitate information sharing and social support. It is associated with higher rates of attendance and improved health outcomes.Aims: To assess the acceptability of a bespoke model of group antenatal care (Pregnancy Circles) in an inner city community in England, understand how the model affects women's experiences of pregnancy and antenatal care, and inform further development and testing of the model. Methods:A two-stage qualitative study comprising focus groups with twenty six local women, followed by the implementation of four Pregnancy Circles attended by twenty four women, which were evaluated using observations, focus groups and semi-structured interviews with participants.Data were analysed thematically. Findings: Pregnancy Circles offered an appealing alternative to standard antenatal care and functioned as an instrument of empowerment, mediated through increased learning and knowledge sharing, active participation in care and peer and professional relationship building. Multiparous women and women from diverse cultures sharing their experiences during Circle sessions was particularly valued. Participants had mixed views about including partners in the sessions.Conclusions: Group antenatal care, in the form of Pregnancy Circles, is acceptable to women and appears to enhance their experiences of pregnancy. Further work needs to be done both to test the findings in larger, quantitative studies and to find a model of care that is acceptable to women and their partners.

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OBJECTIVE: to describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation and clinical validation of the Neonatal Skin Condition Score. METHODS: this methodological cross-cultural adaptation study included five steps: initial translation, synthesis of the initial translation, back translation, review by an Committee of Specialists and testing of the pre-final version, and an observational cross-sectional study with analysis of the psychometric properties using the Adjusted Kappa, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, and Bland-Altman Method statistical tests. A total of 38 professionals were randomly recruited to review the clarity of the adapted instrument, and 47 newborns hospitalized in the Neonatology Unit of the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre were selected by convenience for the clinical validation of the instrument. RESULTS: the adapted scale showed approximately 85% clarity. The statistical tests showed moderate to strong intra and interobserver item to item reliability and from strong to very strong in the total score, with a variation of less than 2 points among the scores assigned by the nurses to the patients. CONCLUSIONS: the scale was adapted and validated to Brazilian Portuguese. The psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Neonatal Skin Condition Score instrument were similar to the validation results of the original scale.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify factors related to smoking during pregnancy. The sample included 267 puerperae hospitalized in the maternity unit of a university hospital in Porto Alegre/RS. The data were collected through a self-applied instrument and statistically analyzed. The majority of the puerperae (51.3%) were between 18 and 25 years old, 55.4% were nonsmokers, 25.5% were smokers, 19.1% had recently ceased smoking (in abstinence). The nonsmokers had more consultations than the smokers and the abstinent smokers (p=0.025). The number of women who had more than one child was higher among smokers than among nonsmokers and abstinent smokers (p=0.002).Women were more likely to stop smoking before pregnancy when they had a partner who was a nonsmoker (p=0.007). Several factors influence smoking and smoking cessation and these are important in prenatal interventions aimed at pregnant women and their partners. Descritores: Tabagismo; Gravidez; Cuidado Pré-Natal; Abandono do Uso de Tabaco. Factores asociados al tabaquismo en la gestaciónSe trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal que tuvo por objetivo identificar los factores relacionados al tabaquismo en la gestación. La muestra incluyó 267 puérperas atendidas en una unidad de internación obstétrica de un hospital universitario de Porto Alegre/RS. Los datos fueron recolectados por instrumentos auto-aplicados y analizados estadísticamente. La mayoría de las puérperas (51,3%) tenía entre 18 y 25 años, siendo 55,4% no-fumantes, 25,5% fumantes en abstinencia y 19,1% fumantes. Las nofumantes consultaron más que las fumantes y fumantes en abstinencia (p=0,025). El número de mujeres con más de un hijo fue mayor entre las fumantes (p=0,002), y las que se mostraron más propensas a parar de fumar antes de la gestación fueron las que tenían un compañero no fumante (p=0,007). Los factores que influyen el tabaquismo y su cesación son diversos, lo que determina intervenciones en el prenatal dirigidas a las necesidades de las gestantes y sus compañeros.Descriptores: Tabaquismo; Embarazo; Atención Prenatal; Cese del Uso de Tabaco.