Erythrina velutina (“mulungu”) is a legume tree from Caatinga that associates with rhizobia but the diversity and symbiotic ability of “mulungu” rhizobia are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to characterize “mulungu” rhizobia from Caatinga. Bacteria were obteined from Serra Talhada and Caruaru in Caatinga under natural regeneration. The bacteria were evaluated to the amplification of nifH and nodC and to metabolic characteristics. Ten selected bacteria identified by 16S rRNA sequences. They were tested in vitro to NaCl and temperature tolerance, auxin production and calcium phosphate solubilization. The symbiotic ability were assessed in an greenhouse experiment. A total of 32 bacteria were obtained and 17 amplified both symbiotic genes. The bacteria showed a high variable metabolic profile. Bradyrhizobium (6), Rhizobium (3) and Paraburkholderia (1) were identified, differing from their geographic origin. The isolates grew up to 45 °C to 0.51 mol L−1 of NaCl. Bacteria which produced more auxin in the medium with l-tryptophan and two Rhizobium and one Bradyrhizobium were phosphate solubilizers. All bacteria nodulated and ESA 90 (Rhizobium sp.) plus ESA 96 (Paraburkholderia sp.) were more efficient symbiotically. Diverse and efficient rhizobia inhabit the soils of Caatinga dry forests, with the bacterial differentiation by the sampling sites.

Substrates and temperatures in the germination of

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The semi-arid region of Paraíba is known for the expansion of cultivated areas and agricultural produce, and the high yields and the quality of grapes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality table grapes for classification purposes according to the physical and physicochemical characteristics marketed in a local fair in the city of Areia - PB. The work was developed at the Laboratory of Technology of Agricultural Products (LPTA), Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Center of Agricultural Sciences (CCA), Campus II, Areia-PB. Table grapes were purchased at the free fair in the municipality of Areia. Two clusters were selected and analyzed according to the Standardization Primer and Classification of the Brazilian Program for Modernization of Horticulture, identifying the group, subgroup, class, subclass, category and the presence of defects (severe or mild). According to the evaluations carried out from the standardization primer, the fruits were slightly damage and/but not changing in their post-harvest quality. The fruits were classified according to commercial standards and suitable for human consumption.

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CONSUMO HÍDRICO E COEFICIENTE DE CULTIVO DA MAMONEIRA, CULTIVAR BRS ENERGIA  JOSÉ MARCELO DIAS1; PEDRO VIEIRA DE AZEVEDO2; JOSÉ RENATO CORTEZ BEZERRA3; NAPOLEÃO ESBERARD DE MACÊDO BELTRÃO3; GERALDO DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA3 E MARIA IDALINE PESSOA CAVALCANTI4 1Embrapa Produtos e Mercado, marcelo.dias@.embrapa.br,2Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais – UFCG, pvieira@dca.ufcg.edu.br.3Embrapa Algodão, jose.cortez-bezerra@embrapa.br; geraldo.oliveira@.embrapa.br.4Centro de Ciências Agrárias – UFPB, idalinepessoa@.hotmail.com.  1 Resumo O presente trabalho objetivou a determinação das exigências hídricas da mamoneira cultivada sob irrigação. Os experimentos de campo foram conduzidos na Estação Experimental da Embrapa Algodão, localizada em Barbalha – CE, nos anos de 2005 e 2006. A cultivar utilizada foi a BRS Energia, de ciclo precoce e porte baixo com 107 dias de ciclo, composto de 5 fases fenológicas: I - Germinação até 10% de cobertura do solo; II - Até inflorescência do 1º cacho; III - Até inflorescência do 2º cacho; IV - Maturação do 1º cacho; V - Maturação do 2º cacho, em uma área de 1 hectare. A estimativa da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), para as diferentes fases fenológicas, foi obtida pelo método do balanço de energia baseado na razão de Bowen. O coeficiente de cultivo (Kc) foi obtido pela relação entre a evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc) e a evapotranspiração de referência (ETo), estimada pelo método FAO-Penman-Monteith. A evapotranspiração média para os dois anos de cultivo foi de 565,1 mm, com um consumo mínimo de 47,4 mm na fase I e um máximo de 212.3 mm na fase IV. Os valores médios de Kc por fase fenológica foram de 0,74; 0,93; 1,00; 1,18 e 0,92. O Kc pode ser definido em função dos dias após a emergência, pela equação Kc = -0,0001DAE2 + 0,016DAE + 0,556.  Palavras-chave: Ricinus communis, evapotranspiração,  razão de Bowen.  DIAS, J. M.; AZEVEDO, P. V. de; BEZERRA, J. R. C.; BELTRÃO, N. E.de M.; OLIVEIRA, G. dos S.; CAVALCANTI, M. I. P.WATER CONSUMPTION AND CROP COEFFICIENT OF CASTOR BEAN CROP, CV. BRS ENERGIA  2 ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine   water requirement of castor bean under irrigation. Field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of Cotton Embrapa in Barbalha city, Ceará State, Brazil in 2005 and 2006.  With  early maturity and low height, cv. BRS Energia  was used,  107-day cycle, consisting of five phenological phases:  I- germination up to 10% soil covering; II- up to  inflorescence of the first bunch; III- up to inflorescence of the second bunch; IV- up to maturation of the first bunch; V- up to maturation of the second bunch,  in 1 hectare area.  The estimate of crop evapotranspiration for the phenological phases throughout the crop cycle was obtained by the Bowen-ratio energy balance.  Crop coefficient (Kc) was obtained by the ratio between crop evapotranspiration (Etc) and reference evapotranspiration (ETo), estimated by the  FAO-Penmam-Monteith method.  The mean evapotranspiration for the 2 year-cultivation period was 565.1 mm, being 47.4 mm minimum consumption   in phase 1 and 212.3 mm maximum consumption in phase IV.   Mean values of Kc by  phenological phase were 0.74; 0.93; 1.00; 1.18 and 0.92. Kc was defined as a function of days after emergence (DAE) by the equation Kc = -0.0001DAE2   + 0.016DAE + 0.556. Keywords: Ricinus communis, evapotranspiration, Bowen ratio.