Este trabalho trata do estudo taxonômico das espécies de Evolvulus L. encontradas no município de Morro do Chapéu, situado na Chapada Diamantina, no Estado da Bahia. Foram encontrados 12 taxas de Evolvulus: E. argyreus choisy, E. echioides moric., E. elegans moric., E. glomeratus Nees & Mart., E. gnaphalioides Moric., E. gypsophiloides var. confertus Choisy, E. jacobinus Moric., E. latifolius Ker Gawl., E. linarioides Meisn., E. linoides Moric., E. pohlii Meisn. e E. pterocaulon Moric. Este trabalho é a primeira citação de E. argyreus para o Brasil e propõe o restabelecimento de E. echioides e de E. gypsophiloides var. confertus. Inclui chave de identificação para as espécies, descrições e ilustrações para cada uma delas.
Esse trabalho intenciona apresentar as contribuições acadêmicas e sociais da aula de campo como estratégias de discussão e formação do sujeito para uma melhor relação/intervenção com o meio ambiente e, sobretudo, para pensar em ações interventivas respaldadas no desenvolvimento local sustentável. Entre as contribuições atribuídas à prática da realização de aulas de campo, podemos citar a aprendizagem e a formação para a compreensão dos diversos e complexos fatores sobre a realidade que envolvem as questões ambientais, além de elaboração de propostas e modelos de atividades socioeconômicas para a prática do desenvolvimento local sustentável.
Background: Childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (BCP-ALL) has been associated with early life exposures including birth by cesarean section (C-section), and a deficit of social exposure (first child). These exposures as proxies for microbiome acquisition in infancy are essential to prime the immune system and, restrain later dysregulated immune responses which can trigger ALL in susceptible individuals. We tested risk factors pertaining to immune stimulation that may impact BCP-ALL development. Methods: Cases comprised 1126 children (0-12 years) with ALL (BCP-ALL: 78.5%) from the EMiLI study group in Brazil (2002-2020). Age and sex-matched controls (n=2252) were randomly selected from healthy children whose mothers participated in the National Placental and Umbilical Cord Blood Bank donation. Multiple logistic regression was run fitted and adjusted for selected covariates models. Results: C-section delivery was associated with increased risk for ALL [Odds Ratio (OR)ALL:1.10, 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs):1.04-1.15; ORBCP-ALL:1.09, 95% CIs:1.03-1.14], as well as being the first-born child. Interaction analysis showed a significant effect of first birth on the observed C-section associations (p<0.0001). Indeed, high-risk children, namely first-born children delivered via C-section were at increased risk for ALL (OR: 2.33, 95% CIs:2.40-4.84) compared to non-first, vaginally born children. An increased risk was found for first-born children delivered by C-section and non-breastfed with ALL (ORALL:2.32, 95%CIs: 1.27-4.24; ORBCP-ALL:2.37, 95%CIs: 1.18-4.76). Conclusions: Our observations are in accord with the prediction that exposures determining microbiome composition and adrenal pathway in infancy contribute to the risk of BCP-ALL. Impact: These findings encourage the exploration of potential preventative interventions.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo orientar os vendedores informais e a população sobre o uso racional e seguro das espécies vegetais utilizadas tradicionalmente pelas comunidades locais. A apresentação de palestra, atividades práticas no herbário como confecção de exsicatas, e entrega de cartilha sobre as principais plantas comercializadas no local foram desenvolvidas no Campus VI, UNEB. Destacou-se a urgência em relação às precauções no uso das plantas medicinais, já que imprecisões na sua utilização podem causar sérios problemas à saúde dos usuários.Palavras chave: Conhecimento popular, etnomedicina, medicina alternativa, vendedores informais.Áreas temáticas: Cultura, educação e meio ambiente
Birth at term comprises a period with heterogeneous neonatal outcomes that tend to be worse for infants born earlier. However, few studies have analyzed this period, in which each day can make a difference. Therefore, we aim to assess neonatal mortality (NM) according to gestational age (GA) at birth measured in days in term liveborn infants born in 2012–2017 in São Paulo, the largest city in Latin America. This population-based cohort study assessed term liveborn infants followed until the end of the neonatal period. We analyzed 7 models for NM according to GA in days: crude NM adjusted for maternal and prenatal variables, NM additionally adjusted for type of birth and type of hospital, and adjusted NM stratified by type of birth (cesarean and vaginal) and by type of hospital (public and private). We included 440,119 live infants born at 259–293 days of gestation. The median GA at birth was 274 days. In all models, NM was higher for infants born early term, decreasing in infants born full term and rising again in infants born late term. In the unadjusted model, hazard ratios of NM changed daily, decreasing from 3.34 to 1.00 on day 278 and increasing again thereafter. In the stratified analysis according to type of hospital, being born in a public hospital was associated with a reduced risk of NM for infants born at 278–283 days of pregnancy. There was a decrease in GA related to obstetric interventions, especially cesarean sections, which increased NM. The loss of days of pregnancy was larger in private hospitals. Increasing the granularity of GA to days is feasible and has the potential to drive public policies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Brazilian study on GA in days using a national live births database.
-(Pollen morphology of species from tribes Ipomoeeae Hallier f. and Merremieae D.F. Austin, Convolvulaceae, occurring in an ecotonal region of the municipality of Caetité, Bahia State, Brazil). This pollen morphology study of species of the tribes Ipomoeeae and Merremieae (Convolvulaceae) aims to contribute to the knowledge of palynology of the taxa studied and to the taxonomy of the group. Ten species of Ipomoea, one of Turbina (Ipomoeeae tribe), and four species of Merremia (Merremieae tribe) occurring in the flora of the Brejinho das Ametistas, Caetité, Bahia State, Brazil were examined. The pollen grains were acetolysed, measured, described, and illustrated under light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopy. By analyzing the pollen morphology of the taxa studied, it was possible to confirm the euripollinic character of the group and to recognize two pollen types based upon the apertural type and the exine ornamentation: 1) pantoporate, echinate pollen grain; 2) 3-6-colpate, microechinate, granulate pollen grain.
RESUMO A morfologia polínica de 17 táxons de Convolvulaceae [Bonamia agrostopolis, Evolvulus (nove espécies) - Tribo Cresseae) e Jacquemontia (sete espécies) - Tribo Jacquemontieae)] foi descrita sob microscopia de luz (ML) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) com objetivo de contribuir com a palinologia e taxonomia do grupo. O material polinífero foi retirado de anteras e/ou botões florais de exsicatas de herbários, acetolisado, analisado quantitativa e qualitativamente sob ML e MEV, descrito e ilustrado. Os dados aqui apresentados sobre a morfologia polínica das espécies de Bonamia, Evolvulus e Jacquemontia estudadas evidenciaram que B. agrostopolis apresenta grãos de pólen médios, isopolares, microequinados, granulados e o tipo apertural 3-colpado, presente na maioria das espécies estudadas de Jacquemontia. Por outro lado, as espécies de Evolvulus, J. gracillima e J. pentanthos compreendem o mesmo tipo polínico, caracterizado pelos grãos de pólen esferoidais, pantocolpados e microequinados. As demais espécies de Jacquemontia caracterizaram-se pelos grãos de pólen com forma variando de subprolata a prolata-esferoidal, zonocolpados e exina microequinada em todas as espécies, com grânulos, perfurações e microrretículo em algumas espécies. Observou-se aqui uma indefinição dos tipos polínicos que delimitam Cresseae e Jacquemontieae, visto que há afinidades palinológicas entre espécies das duas tribos. As espécies de Evolvulus formam um grupo estenopolínico. No entanto, o presente estudo apresenta descrições palinológicas inéditas para nove espécies, contribuindo para a ampliação dos dados palinológicos e confirmando o carácter euripolínico de Convolvulaceae.
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