RESUMENLa facilidad de acceso a la tecnología ha propiciado la llegada de una nueva revolución industrial que capacita a los ciudadanos para dejar de ser meros usuarios y convertirse en creadores y constructores de sus propios bienes, apoyándo-se en las tendencias sociales basadas en la cultura colaborativa. El surgimiento de los Fablab -Fabrication Laboratory-como entornos que potencian dichas capacidades en los usuarios ha sido decisiva en esta democratización tecnológica, y sigue un ritmo creciente incesante, extendiéndose de forma llamativa por todo el planeta. A través de siete etapas, descritas en este artículo, se presenta el proceso de construcción y validación de la herramienta de obtención de información denominada FabLab Global Survey con el objetivo de conocer y caracteriza el fenómeno FabLab. La falta de referentes teóricos y la limitada bibliografía académica sobre el tema hace necesario el diseño de dicha herramienta basándonos en aportaciones de los expertos en el fenómeno FabLab y, para ello, se consideró adecuada su validación mediante el método Delphi, ya que permite la transmisión de la información subjetiva aportada por los expertos, respetando sus peculiaridades. El reto al que nos enfrentamos como investigadores estriba en nuestra
Background The rate of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Mexican American individuals is 16.3%, about twice that of non-Hispanic White individuals. While a number of education approaches have been developed and shown to improve diabetes self-management behaviors and glycemic control for Spanish-speaking Latinx patients with T2DM, there is little research to guide health practitioners regarding which interventions to apply and when so that resources are used efficiently, and treatment outcomes are maximized. Objective This study aimed to describe an adaptive intervention that integrates community mental health workers, diabetes nurse educators, family members, and patients as partners in care while promoting diabetes self-management for Mexican American individuals with T2DM. The project incorporates four evidence-based, culturally tailored treatments to determine what sequence of intervention strategies work most efficiently and for whom. Given the increasing prevalence of T2DM, achieving better control of diabetes and lowering the associated medical complications experienced disproportionally by Mexican American individuals is a public health priority. Methods Funded by the National Institute of Nursing Research (National Institutes of Health grant R01 NR015809), this project used a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial and included 330 Spanish-speaking Latinx patients with T2DM. In the first phase of the study, subjects were randomly assigned to an evidence-based diabetes self-management educational program called Tomando Control delivered in a group format for 6, biweekly 1.5-hour sessions, led either by a community health worker or a diabetes nurse educator. In the second phase of the study, those subjects who did not improve their diabetes self-management behaviors were rerandomized to receive either an augmented version of Tomando Control or a multifamily group treatment focused on problem-solving. The primary outcome measure was the “Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities.” Evaluations were made at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Results This study was funded in June 2016 for a period of 5 years. Institutional review board approval was obtained in November 2016. Between March 2017 and September 2020, a total of 330 patients were recruited from the outpatient primary care clinics of Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, with a brief hiatus between May 2020 and July 2020 due to COVID-19 restrictions. The study interventions were completed in December 2020. Data collection began in March 2017 and was completed in December 2021. Data analysis is expected to be completed in Spring 2023, and results will be published in Fall 2023. Conclusions The results of this trial should help practitioners in selecting the optimal approach for improving diabetes self-management in Spanish-speaking, Latinx patients with T2DM. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03092063; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03092063 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/44793
Los laboratorios de fabricación digital (FabLab) son una realidad que presenta nuevas oportunidades a los usuarios y consumidores de convertirse en diseñadores y creadores de objetos de uso cotidiano. Concebidos en el MIT a principios de este siglo, como entornos de desarrollo de proyectos con componentes digitales han sufrido un crecimiento espectacular en los últimos años. El movimiento FabLab, en parte debido a su juventud y a cierto alejamiento de los circuitos académicos al estar más relacionado con la cultura Maker y el movimiento Open-Source, ha sido poco estudiado formalmente. El presente trabajo plantea un acercamiento a dicho movimiento mediante el uso de una metodología mixta que permite identificar las dimensiones relevantes en este movimiento y definir las preguntas de investigación a las que dar respuesta en posteriores investigaciones.
In today´s economy information technology (IT) companies must increasingly compete for resources and customers, and consumer interests and resource scarcity are changing the way these companies do business. To stay competitive, IT companies must look beyond their own operations and consider opportunities to introduce sustainability and social responsible issues into their business strategies in order to increase resource efficiency across the entire value chain: not only at the front-end the design and manufacturing of products and packaging but also in the systematic recovery of valuable materials. By collaborating closely with value chain partners and other key stakeholders, IT companies can discover optimal solutions and drive impactful action. In this paper, the authors delve into how IT companies can promote sustainability and social responsible issues into their value chain while presenting a set of tools that these firms can use to act in a sustainable manner and obtain competitive advantages.
In today´s economy, information technology (IT) companies must increasingly compete for resources and customers, and consumer interests and resource scarcity are changing the way these companies do business. To stay competitive, IT companies must look beyond their own operations and consider opportunities to introduce sustainability and social responsible issues into their business strategies in order to increase resource efficiency across the entire value chain: not only at the front-end and the design and manufacturing of products and packaging but also in the systematic recovery of valuable materials. By collaborating closely with value chain partners and other key stakeholders, IT companies can discover optimal solutions and drive impactful action. In this chapter, the authors delve into how IT companies can promote sustainability and socially responsible issues into their value chain while presenting a set of tools that these firms can use to act in a sustainable manner and obtain competitive advantages.
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