Increased joint stress and malalignment are etiologic factors in osteoarthritis. Static tibiofemoral frontal plane malalignment is associated with patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA). Patellofemoral joint stress is increased by activities such as sit-to-stand (STS); this stress may be even greater if dynamic frontal plane tibiofemoral malalignment occurs. If hip muscle or quadriceps weakness is present in persons with PFOA, aberrant tibiofemoral frontal plane movement may occur, with increased patellofemoral stress. No studies have investigated frontal plane tibiofemoral and hip kinematics during STS in persons with PFOA or the relationship of hip muscle and quadriceps strength to these motions. Eight PFOA and seven control subjects performed STS from a stool during three-dimensional motion capture. Hip muscle and quadriceps strength were measured as peak isometric force. The PFOA group demonstrated increased peak tibial abduction angles during STS, and decreased hip abductor, hip extensor, and quadriceps peak force versus controls. A moderate inverse relationship between peak tibial abduction angle and peak hip abductor force was present. No difference between groups was found for peak hip adduction angle or peak hip external rotator force. Dynamic tibiofemoral malalignment and proximal lower extremity weakness may cause increased patellofemoral stress and may contribute to PFOA incidence or progression.

No abstract

This review article describes shoe inserts and provides information to assist physical therapists to identify patients who may benefit from foot orthoses. The article discusses goals for and types of shoe inserts, in addition to the materials and methods that can be used in fabricating appliances. Clinical considerations for the use of shoe inserts and application to specific patient populations are presented.

No abstract

Symptomatic, radiographic PFOA is associated with increased pain during the TUG and FPW tests and longer time required to complete the TUG. The TUG may be a more sensitive test of physical performance in PFOA.

Achieving satisfactory, long-term functional outcomes after total wrist arthroplasty surgery has proved more complicated than with arthroplasties in joints such as the hip or knee. However, improvements in implant design and surgical technique have resulted in recent successes and evidence that wrist arthroplasty may be an appropriate choice to improve function in select patients. This article reviews factors that therapists must consider in planning, implementing, and progressing individual patients' rehabilitation programs after wrist arthroplasty surgery. Therapists must be knowledgeable about the specifics of each patient's surgery so that the rehabilitation program can be customized appropriately and can contribute to achieving pain-free stable wrist movement that allows patients to perform their desired functional activities.

Keywords voetorthesenDit betreft een overzichtsartikel waarin schoen-inlays worden beschreven en informatie wordt gegeven om fysiotherapeuten te helpen bij het herkennen van patie¨nten die baat kunnen hebben bij dit soort aanpassingen. Het doel van de verschillende soorten inlays wordt besproken evenals de materialen en methoden die kunnen worden gebruikt bij de vervaardiging van aanpassingen. Voorts wordt aandacht besteed aan klinische overwegingen bij het gebruik van schoen-inlays en de applicatie bij specifieke patie¨nten-populaties.[89131 ' vert. L. Eenkhoorn] Literatuur