Foot Orthoses

Lockard, Margery A.

doi:10.1093/ptj/68.12.1866

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…For instance, recreational runners often use custom-molded foot orthoses in order to prevent running related injuries, rehabilitate from injuries, increase comfort, and/or improve performance. Other proposed functional qualities of foot orthoses include aligning the skeleton and providing improved cushioning (Lockard, 1988), improving sensory feedback (Robbins & Gouw, 1991), reducing muscle activity (Nawoczenski, Cook, & Saltzman, 1995), and reducing joint moments (Crenshaw, Pollo, & Calton, 2000). Until recently, the effects of foot orthoses on skeletal alignment were controversial (e.g., Eng & Pierrynowski, 1994;Stacoff, Reinschmidt, Nigg, et al, 2000) and little was known about the effects on other variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistent Immediate Effects of Foot Orthoses on Comfort and Lower Extremity Kinematics, Kinetics, and Muscle Activity

Mündermann

Nigg

Humble

et al. 2004

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

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In order to accommodate patients to new foot orthoses over time, two steps are required: The first is to obtain a baseline reading of the immediate effects across several weeks to ensure consistency. The second step is to look at changes with progressively longer wear periods similar to what occurs in general practice. This study addressed the first step. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the baseline reading of the immediate effects of foot orthoses on comfort and lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity is consistent between days. Participants were 21 recreational runners who volunteered for the study. Three orthotic conditions (posting, custom-molding, posting and custom-molding) were compared to a control (flat) insert. Lower extremity kinematic, kinetic, and EMG data were collected for 108 trials per participant and condition in 9 sessions for each person for running at 4 m/s. Comfort for all orthotic conditions was assessed in each session using a visual analog scale. Statistically significant session effects were detected using repeated-measures ANOVA (α = .05). Three of the 93 variables had a significant session effect. A significant interaction between orthotic condition and session was observed for 6 of the 93 variables. The results of this study showed that the effects of foot orthoses on comfort, lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity are consistent across a 3-week period when the wear time for each condition is restricted. Thus, foot orthoses lead to immediate changes in comfort, kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity with limited use. These immediate effects of foot orthoses on comfort, kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity are consistent between days.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistent Immediate Effects of Foot Orthoses on Comfort and Lower Extremity Kinematics, Kinetics, and Muscle Activity

Mündermann

Nigg

Humble

et al. 2004

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

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“…Rehabilitation through pedorthic application is designed to redistribute plantar pressures for return of stability and reduction of pain and discomfort. [4], [5]. The SP structurally supports the arch while shifting the forefoot into varus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a rehabilitative pedorthic: plantar pressure alterations with scaphoid pad application

Abu‐Faraj

Harris

Chang

et al. 1996

IEEE Trans. Rehab. Eng.

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Scaphoid or longitudinal arch pads are frequently prescribed pedorthics for foot and ankle rehabilitation. These pedorthics are reported to he effective in mechanically supporting the medial longitudinal arch while reducing plantar and medial soft tissue strain. The objective of this study was to measure alterations in ambulatory plantar pressure metrics in a group of adults secondary to scaphoid pad application. The biomechanical rationale of this study was that the geometry of foot contact would be altered secondary to foot inversion. Ten adult male subjects with biomechanically normal feet were evaluated during multiple trials. A Holter type microprocessor-based portable inshoe plantar pressure data acquisition system was used to record the dynamic data. Pressures were recorded from eight discrete plantar locations at the hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot regions of the insole. Statistically significant ( p 5 0.05) increases in peak pressures were seen laterally with scaphoid pad application, while significant decreases in peak pressures with pad usage occurred at the hallux and the calcaneal region of the foot. At the medial longitudinal arch, peak pressures increased from near 0 to 115.3 kPa, contact durations increased from near 0 to 438 ms, and pressure-time integrals increased from near 0 to 33.4 kPa . s. 2. 0. Ahu-Faraj is with the

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“…Their administration or prescription has been and is done for many different reasons, including reducing the frequency of movement related injuries (10), aligning the skeleton properly (11,16), providing improved cushioning (11), improving comfort (26), improving the sensory feedback (25,27), reducing muscle activity (18), correcting the center of the path of the pressure (COP) (15), and/or reducing the knee joint moments (32). This paper concentrates on the effects of shoe inserts on the alignment of the lower extremities, the correction of the path of the COP, and the reduction of ankle and knee joint moments.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Shoe Inserts on Kinematics, Center of Pressure, and Leg Joint Moments during Running

Nigg

Stergiou

Cole

et al. 2003

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

126

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. Purpose: The purposes of this project were to assess the effect of four different shoe inserts on the path of the center of pressure (COP), to quantify the effect of these inserts on selected knee joint moments during running, and to assess the potential of COP data to predict the effects of inserts/orthotics on knee joint moments. Methods: Kinematics for the lower extremities, resultant ankle and knee joint moments, and the path of the COP were collected from the right foot of 15 male subjects while running heel-toe with five different shoe inserts (full or half with 4.5-mm postings). Results: Individual movement changes with respect to the neutral insert condition were typically small and not systematic. Significant changes for the path of the COP were registered only for the full lateral insert condition with an average shift toward the lateral side. The mediolateral shift of the COP was not consistent for the full medial and the two half-shoe inserts. The subject-specific reactions to the inserts' intervention in the corresponding knee joint moments were typically not consistent. Compared with the neutral insert condition, subjects showed increases or decreases of the knee joint moments. The correlation between the individual COP shifts and the resultant knee joint moment was generally small. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that subject-specific reactions to the tested inserts were often not as expected. Additionally, reactions were not consistent between the subjects. This result suggests that the prescription of inserts and/or orthotics is a difficult task and that methods must be developed to test and assess these effects. Such methods, however, are not currently available.

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Foot Orthoses

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Consistent Immediate Effects of Foot Orthoses on Comfort and Lower Extremity Kinematics, Kinetics, and Muscle Activity

Consistent Immediate Effects of Foot Orthoses on Comfort and Lower Extremity Kinematics, Kinetics, and Muscle Activity

Evaluation of a rehabilitative pedorthic: plantar pressure alterations with scaphoid pad application

Effect of Shoe Inserts on Kinematics, Center of Pressure, and Leg Joint Moments during Running

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