Acculturative stress and specific coping strategies were assessed in a group of 214 multicultural college undergraduates of both sexes who were divided into four generational status groups: early immigrants (immigrated before 12 years of age) and late immigrants (immigrated after age 12), second-generation and third-generation. Also explored was the relationship of acculturative stress to self-esteem, locus of control and loyalty to American culture. The self-administered questionnaire contained the short version of the Padilla SAFE Acculturative Stress Measure, a loyalty toward American culture scale, Rotter's Internal/External Locus of Control scale, and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory. Findings revealed that late immigrant students experienced greater acculturative stress than the other groups. Also, late immigrants coped with stress more frequently by taking a direct, planned action (individualistic) approach, while secondand third-generation groups more often coped by talking to others about the problem (social network). Early immigrants employed both coping strategies.
This study examined the psychosocial stressors experienced by Mexican and Central American immigrants to the United States. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 62 respondents, half of whom were males, who were nearly equally divided between Mexicans and Central Americans. Major identified group stressors were obtaining employment and related financial difficulties, the language barrier of not speaking English, and problems in adapting to the life‐style of the U.S. Use of a social support network was found effective as a coping response for seeking and obtaining employment, locating a place to live, and overcoming language difficulties. Married respondents with children expressed concern about the availability of drugs and about low moral standards, which they said characterized U.S. society. Men were found to score higher on a measure of depression than were women. This may be due to greater role strain experienced by men who have limited resources to use in the care of their families.
This study compared the cognitive appraisals and incident ratings of urban American Indians (N = 50), Anglo‐Americans (N = 50), and Hispanics (N = 47) on a revised version of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS). Results indicated no overall significant differences among the three ethnic groups. However, on comparison of individual life events items, the groups differed significantly on the cognitive appraisal of 8 items and on the incidence of 10 items. Of these items, only 2 overlapped between cognitive appraisals and actual incidence. Results are discussed in terms of potential use of the revised SRRS with these ethnic groups in future research on the relationship between life events and physical and psychological disorders.
ResumenIntroducción: la neumatización del etmoides es un evento de alta complejidad y variabilidad, que se refleja en la existencia de estructuras etmoidales tales como la concha bullosa (CB), cornete medio paradójico, celdillas de Haller y bulla etmoidal prominente entre otras. Existen estadísticas foráneas referentes a la incidencia y prevalencia de estas variantes de neumatización, pero en nuestro medio carecemos de datos al respecto. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo general establecer la prevalencia de CB en tomografias computarizadas (TAC) de cara y de manera anexa observar si existe relación entre la existencia de CB y sinusitis crónica. Materiales y métodos: se evaluaron las TAC de cara de 118 pacientes mayores de 18 años entre noviembre de 2002 y octubre de 2003 en un estudio descriptivo mixto. Se detalló en ellas la presencia de concha bullosa, setpodesviación, celdillas de Haller y bulla etmoidal prominente así como la existencia o ausencia de sinusitis crónica concomitante. Resultados: se estableció una prevalencia de CB en la muestra de 27 %, unilateral 18 %, bilateral 9 %, derecha 11% e izquierda 7 %. Además de lo anterior, el estudio demostró que no hay en esta muestra una relación estadísticamente significativa entre la CB y sinusitis crónica, pero llama la atención la presencia de infección crónica al tomar en cuenta la septodesviación asociada con la existencia de CB contralateral. Conclusión: la prevalencia de CB en el presente estudio es similar a datos establecidos en poblaciones foráneas, con prevalencia de 27 %. El presente estudio no halló una relación positiva entre la existencia de CB y sinusitis crónica. Palabras clave: Concha bullosa, sinusitis crónica, septodesviación, tomografía computarizada de cara.
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