This article is the second in a series that examines the intelligibility of a person with congenital aglossia (PWCA). Specific factors examined in this study included (a) intelligibility for meaningful words versus nonsense words, (b) intelligibility for consonant-vowel-consonant words (CVCs) as a function of phonemic segment types, and (c) whether there is a correlation between intelligibility for these factors and the acoustic properties of the speech samples. Results revealed greater intelligibility for meaningful versus nonsense CVCs, greater intelligibility for back, low, and high-back versus front vowels embedded in CVCs, and greater intelligibility for productions as a function of phonemic variables, which demonstrated the following hierarchy: initial consonant > consonant vowel > vowel consonant > final consonant. Further results suggest that consonant recognition was consistently affected by “vowel context.” This suggests that movement sequencing appeared to be of importance for speech perception in productions of a PWCA.
This research examined cineradiographic films (CRF) of articulatory movements in a person with congenital aglossia (PWCA) during speech production of four phrases. Pearson correlations and a multiple regression model investigated co-variation of independent variables, positions of mandible and hyoid; and pseudo-tongue-dependent variables, positions of mylohyoid and tongue base. Results suggest that backing/fronting of the mandible assisted the mylohyoid/tongue base in making mid-antero-posterior constrictions. Co-linearity findings suggest the best predictor of tongue base movement was mandible for back sounds. Hyoid movement was highly correlated with mandibular movement horizontally, but hyoid acted independently vertically and possibly with greater phonemic specialty in the PWCA. Findings suggest hyoid was a strong determinant of vertically dependent variable movement in all phrases. The extent of hyoid activity was a unique finding and one that may begin to explain relative intelligibility in this PWCA. Observed changes in vocal tract length may have influenced F2 transitional/vowel midpoint values.
This research article describes the remediation of moderate stuttering in an adult client who experienced speech dysfluency for more than 40 years. Treatment took place at an urban residential rehabilitation mission where the client was court sentenced for a history of felonies and current narcotic sales and use. In conjunction with the operant conditioning instruction of the rehabilitation mission, the Ryan Fluency Program was implemented along with the initial use of pause time in response to the complex needs of the client. The article provides an overview of the assessment (Fluency Interviews, Criterion Tests) and treatment program. At present, 2.5 years post-initiation of treatment, the client has reported and been observed to have achieved smooth, forward-flowing, natural sounding speech throughout his work environment, family interaction, and daily life. she has established a unique program of speech pathology services.Margaret T. Vento-Wilson received her MA in communicative disorders last spring and is in her clinical fellowship year, working with elementary school children.
Purpose: Congenital aglossia is a rare syndrome in which an individual is born without a tongue. The present paper examines articulatory details of the production of multiple consonants by an aglossic speaker. Method:Real-time magnetic resonance imaging data of the upper airway were collected from the aglossic speaker. Air-tissue boundaries were determined from the video sequences using a segmentation algorithm, and dynamics of vocal-tract constrictions and cross-dimensions were calculated. Results:The aglossic speaker produced the consonants /t, d, th, l ,r, f ,v, s, sh/ with a bilabial closure instead of a normal lingua-alveolar closure; however, in /t/and /d/ the overall vocal-tract configuration presented a cavity anterior to the constriction, which filtered transient and frication sources in a manner similar to normal alveolar production. Conclusion:The aglossic speaker, lacking a tongue apex, has developed a bilabial compensatory strategy to produce multiple consonants with her lips.
The goals of this study were to (a) describe the presenting features of ataxic dysarthria present in a participant with a long history of amateur boxing, (b) describe a novel application of behavioral principles in the treatment of this participant, and (c) discuss implications in the treatment of ataxic dysarthria secondary to boxing. The participant was a 36-year-old male with ataxic dysarthria associated with a 15-year history of amateur boxing. Perceptual intelligibility, perceptual severity, communication attitudes, and communication effectiveness were evaluated. As a result of treatment, the participant eliminated the ataxic characteristics of his speech within structured tasks. Speech patterns were controlled through loudness practice and a gradual increase in utterance length and complexity. This study offers speech-language pathologists an introduction to the topic of amateur boxing and associated neurologic consequences as well as a description of the use of behavioral principles in the treatment of ataxic dysarthria.
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