R. mucronata has been widely used as a traditional medicinal plant because it is capable of producing secondary metabolites such as tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, sapponins and flavonoids. This study discusses the potential of leaf and stem bark as inhibitors of R. solanacearum with the concentrations of 5000 ppm, 10000 ppm and 20000 ppm, positive control (Chlorampenicol), and negative control (Ethanol 40%). The method used for the inhibitory assay uses the agar diffusion method. The results showed the moisture factor of leaves of R. mucronata (0.33g) stem bark (0.58g). The yield of leaf extract (17.61%) stem bark (7.85%). The percentage of inhibition showed that R. mucronata leaf extract had inhibition on R.
Tanaman paku merupakan tanaman yang tumbuh subur dan liar di wilayah tropis, kehadirannya dalam dunia pertanian sebagai gulma, namun di sisi lain juga bermanfaat sebagai tanaman obat (hortikultur). Kehadiran tanaman paku sebagai obat diharapkan menjadi alternative bahan baru dalam pengobatan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman, Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Borneo Tarakan. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu ekstrak daun S. Palustris dan P. Caudatum dengan konsentrasi 2%, 1% dan 0,5%. kontrol positif pada penelitian ini yaitu chloramphenicol dan kontrol negatif etanol 40%. Variabel yang diamati adalah perhitungan faktor kelembaban, persentase rendemen dan persentase diameter daerah hambatan (DDH). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen ekstrak P. Caudatum 2,5% sedangkan S. Palustris 1.6%. Selain itu hasil DDH menampilkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun S. palustris dan P. caudatum pada konsentrasi 0.5%, 1% dan 2% tidak mampu menghambat pertumbuhan R. Solanacearum, tetapi mampu menghambat S. sobrinus dengan diameter tertinggi yaitu 13.7 mm pada konsentrasi 2%. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan pelarut bertingkat pada proses ekstraksi untuk mengetahui golongan polaritas senyawa yang berpengaruh terhadapa aktifitas penghambatan bakteri.
This study aims first to determine the ground cover species that are potentially important for agriculture in the peat swamp forest of Tengku Dacing Village, Second, knowing the benefits and potentials of the ground cover species that are potentially important for agriculture. Third, knowing the distribution of the ground cover species that are potentially important for agriculture in the peat swamp forest of Tengku Dacing Village. The research method uses descriptive quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods. The quantitative descriptive method is carried out by analyzing the data that has been obtained using the data analysis formula from Indriyanto in 2017. While the qualitative description method is carried out by conducting an analysis with plant species identifier experts and literature research to determine the types and potential of the understorey plants that have been successfully recorded. With this research, it is hoped that the community will be able to know more about the important value of each existing understorey, whether it is used as a medicinal plant, ornamental plant, or as a basic material for making handicrafts. The results of this study, concluded that: first, there are 28 species of understorey in the peat forest of Tengku Dacing Village. Second, there are 15 spesies of plants that have the potential as medicinal plants, 6 types of plants that have the potential as ornamental plants and several plants that have the potential as basic materials for handicrafts (mats). Third, the diversity of understorey species in the peat swamp forest of Tengku Dacing Village is not too high. Fourth, the understorey that dominates the peat swamp forest of Tengku Dacing Village is Carex cryptostachys. Fifth, the distribution pattern of plants in the peat swamp forest of Tengku Dacing Village is in groups.
Jagung merupakan komoditas unggulan Indonesia karena memiliki banyak manfaat dan bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Tanaman ini tumbuh optimal pada pH antara 5,6 – 6,2, dan akan mengalami penurunan produktivitas jika ditanam pada tanah dengan pH rendah. Salah satu tanah yang memiliki karakter pH rendah adalah tanah masam podsolik merah-kuning yang dapat ditemui di beberapa daerah di Indonesia. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas jagung pada tanah masam. Namun demikian, hingga saat ini masalah tersebut belum dapat diatasi sepenuhnya. Salah satu solusi untuk masalah tersebut adalah aplikasi formula bakteri endofit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas formula cair bakteri endofit terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung di tanah masam podsolik merah-kuning, dan menguji daya simpannya pada formula tersebut. Isolat bakteri yang digunakan adalah Pseudomonas sp. strain A175, Pseudomonas sp. strain F23, dan Micrococcus sp. strain S54. Ketiga isolat tersebut diformulasi dalam bahan pembawa ekstrak tauge, air kelapa, air beras, dan ekstrak ayam yang difortifikasi menggunakan 5g glukosa, 1 g urea, dan 10 g terasi. Pengujian di rumah kaca dilakukan menggunakan benih jagung varietas Bonanza F1 menggunakan tanah podsolik merah-kuning dengan pH 4,2. Pengujian dilakukan di rumah kaca mengikuti pola rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 29 perlakuan, 3 ulangan, dan setiap ulangan terdiri atas 3 unit percobaan. Uji viabilitas sel dilakukan mengikuti standar SNI 01-2897-1992. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Seluruh formula bakteri endofit mampu memacu pertumbuhan tanaman jagung pada tanah masam podsolik merah-kuning. Formula bakteri endofit Pseudomonas sp. dan Micrococcus sp. yang konsisten dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung adalah formulasi bakteri endofit berbahan dasar ekstrak tauge dengan perlakuan ETA, ETBC dan ETAB. formula yang memiliki kemampuan daya simpan paling baik formula EKAC dengan total sel bakteri 5,7 Log CFU mL-1 pada penyimpanan minggu ke-10.
Nyiri (Xylocarpus granatum) thrives in the mangrove areas of Indonesia, especially Tarakan, North Kalimantan. X. granatum is one of many species found in the Tarakan mangrove forest and belongs to the Meliaceae family. This plant has been utilized by communities for pesticides and health care. So, the purpose of this study is to determine the potential of X. granatum in inhibiting the growth of Ralstonia solanacaerum and Propionibacterium acnes. This study we used well agar diffusion methodology with a concentration of 5000 ppm, 10,000 ppm, 20,000 ppm. Positive controls in this study were Chloramphenicol and 40% ethanol as negative control. The determine variables are the percentage of inhibition diameters (DDH). The percentage of DDH shows that the ethanol extract of leaves and bark X. granatum against R. solanacearum and P. acne at a concentration of 5000 ppm was not able to inhibit, whereas the concentration of 10,000 ppm and 20,000 ppm was able to inhibit the R. solanacearum with a percentage of 31.09 respectively % and 34.46%. Whereas, the bark extract was able to inhibit R. solanacearum with the percentage of DDH at a concentration of 10,000 ppm was 35.73% and 20,000 ppm was 39.94%. Furthermore, ethanol extract of X. granatum leaves against P. acne was able to inhibit the concentration of 10,000 ppm with a value of 33.83% and 20,000 ppm with a value of 38.01%. The percentage of DDH for X. granatum bark is able to inhibit P. acne at all concentrations, namely at concentrations of 5000 ppm (35.34%), 10,000 ppm (39.59%) and 20,000 ppm (41.63%).
The excavation of the potential utilization of herbs as a plant biopharma or as a material to manufacture. There is empirical evidence that Nepenthes has been used as a lowering of hypertension by taking a decoction of its pitchers. For the use and utilization as a medicinal plant need to be done research that refers to the scientifically certified Jamu. The research aims to detect acute toxic effects so that can be obtained the water safety overview Nepenthes pitchers. The toxicity test was carried out by the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), Artemia salina larva with four extract concentrations (0, 10, 500, 1000 ppm). Based on the results of toxic tests showed that the death rate of A. salina at all levels of concentration is 0 deaths. It is evidence that Nepenthes ampularia is not toxic to A. salina..
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