Adding RF ablation to systemic chemotherapy achieved local control in a large majority of metachronous colorectal liver metastases. The 3- to 10-year survival rates of this relatively large series of patients were essentially equivalent to those of most surgical series reported in the literature.

Our data support the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of CAA-ri may be mediated by a selective autoimmune reaction against cerebrovascular Aβ, directly related to autoantibody concentration and soluble Aβ. The CSF dosage of anti-Aβ autoantibodies with the technique here described can thus be proposed as a valid alternative tool for the diagnosis of CAA-ri. Moreover, given the similarities between ARIA developing spontaneously and those observed during immunization trials, anti-Aβ autoantibodies can be considered as novel potential biomarkers in future amyloid-modifying therapies for the treatment of AD and CAA.

[11C]choline-PET seems to be useful for re-staging prostatectomy cases with increasing serum PSA levels. It is superior to [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET and complementary to conventional imaging but with the advantage of staging disease at a single step.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify and correlate myofascial trigger points (MTPs) in the masticatory muscles, using thermography and algometry. Methods: 26 female volunteers were recruited. The surface facial area over the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles was divided into 15 subareas on each side (n 5 780). This investigation consisted of three steps. The first step involved thermographic facial examination, using lateral views. The second step involved the pressure pain threshold (PPT), marking the MTP pattern areas for referred pain (n 5 131) and local pain (n 5 282) with a coloured pencil, and a photograph of the lateral face with the head in the same position as the infrared imaging. The last step was the fusion of these two images, using dedicated software (ReporterH 8.5-SP3 Professional Edition and QuickReportH 1.2, FLIR Systems, Wilsonville, OR); and the calculation of the temperature of each point. Results: PPT levels measured at the points of referred pain in MTPs (1.28 ¡ 0.45 kgf) were significantly lower than the points of local pain in MTPs (1.73 ¡ 0.59 kgf; p , 0.05). Infrared imaging indicated differences between referred and local pain in MTPs of 0.5 u C (p , 0.05). Analysis of the correlation between the PPT and infrared imaging was done using the Spearman non-parametric method, in which the correlations were positive and moderate (0.4 # r , 0.7). The sensitivity and specificity in MTPs were 62.5% and 71.3%, respectively, for referred pain, and 43.6% and 60.6%, respectively, for local pain. Conclusion: Infrared imaging measurements can provide a useful, non-invasive and nonionizing examination for diagnosis of MTPs in masticatory muscles.

A 68-year-old man presented with a 4-month history of progressive memory loss and mood disorders. Neurologic examination revealed severe impairment of attention and verbal skills, without motor and sensory deficits. His medical history included mild arterial hypertension, idiopathic partial epilepsy, and obsessive compulsive disorder.Brain MRI showed the presence of bilateral, asymmetric, swollen white matter lesions in the cerebral hemispheres, hyperintense in T2-weighted images, that partially involved the left frontal cortex (figure). On diffusion-weighted sequences, the white matter abnormalities were consistent with vasogenic edema. No pathologic contrast enhancement was present.Routine blood tests, inflammatory markers, autoantibodies, neoplastic markers, and paraneoplastic antibodies were within normal limits. CSF examination revealed increased level of proteins (152 mg/dL) and cell count (14 leukocyte/L), without intrathecal synthesis of oligoclonal bands. Bacterioscopic and virologic tests (including HIV and JCV) were negative, both on CSF and serum. Search for tumor or infection by total body CT scan was negative.Stereotactic biopsy of the left frontal white matter lesion showed gliosis without signs of infections or neoplasm.After the biopsy, the patient was treated with dexamethasone 24 mg/day IV for 20 days with marked clinical improvement. A control CSF analysis performed 3 months later was within normal limits (Ͻ1 leukocyte/ L, protein 27 mg/dL). Brain MRI demonstrated a reduction in number and extension of the white matter T2-hyperintense lesions (figure). T2*-weighted gradient echo images showed the presence of multiple microhemorrhages scattered over the entire cerebral cortex. No microbleeds were present in basal ganglia, thalami, and posterior fossa (figure).Diagnosis of probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) was made upon clinical and MRI findings, supported by the demonstration of APOE ⑀4 homozygosity.A search for A␤ deposits in brain tissue and vessel walls on the biopsy sample was negative; a possible explanation is the deep white matter target, with absence of cortex and leptomeninges in the specimen. The A␤ 1-42 protein in the CSF was reduced both in the first (129 pg/mL) and second (125 pg/mL) lumbar puncture compared to normal values (682-1,063 pg/mL). The A␤ 1-40 protein was also investigated (457 pg/mL in the first CSF; 238 pg/mL in the second); however, due to the large variability of this assay as reported in literature, the meaning of these values is unclear.We hypothesized a spontaneous autoimmune process against CNS A␤ proteins, and assessed the levels of anti-A␤ 1-40 and 1-42 autoantibodies in our patient's CSF, both before and after steroid treatment, compared to 6 age-matched controls (mean age: 63 Ϯ 19 years) and 4 patients with MS (mean age: 45 Ϯ 17 years). We used our ELISA, as described, 1 and detected a marked increase of anti-A␤ 1-40 and 1-42 autoantibodies in the CSF of our CAA-ri patient obtained prior to treatment compared to controls and ...

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the facial areas defined by thermal gradient, in individuals compatible with the pattern of normality, and to quantify and describe them anatomically. Methods: The sample consisted of 161 volunteers, of both genders, aged between 26 and 84 years (63 ± 15 years). Results:The results demonstrated that the thermal gradient areas suggested for the study were present in at least 95% of the thermograms evaluated and that there is significant difference in temperature between the genders, racial group and variables "odontalgia", "dental prothesis" and "history of migraine" (p , 0.05). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference in the absolute temperatures between ages, and right and left sides of the face, in individuals compatible with the pattern of normality (DT 5 0.11°C). Conclusions: The authors concluded that according to the suggested areas of thermal gradients, these were present in at least 95% of all the thermograms evaluated, and the areas of high intensity found in the face were medial palpebral commissure, labial commissure, temporal, supratrochlear and external acoustic meatus, whereas the points of low intensity were inferior labial, lateral palpebral commissure and nasolabial.

Objectives: This study aims to conduct a non-invasive measurement of the cutaneous temperature of selected masticatory muscle regions of volunteers with and without myogenous temporomandibular disorder (TMD), using infrared thermography. Methods: 23 females (10 myogenous TMD volunteers and 13 controls) were recruited and studied. The temperature at the surface of the facial area over the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles was assessed by medical thermography, using regional lateral views and clinical examination. Results: The temperature levels measured at the masseter and anterior temporalis muscle regions in myogenous TMD volunteers (32.85 ± 0.85 and 34.37 ± 0.64 ºC, respectively) were significantly lower (p , 0.05) than those measured in controls (33.49 ± 0.92 and 34.78 ± 0.44 ºC, respectively). Medical infrared imaging indicated a mean difference of 1.4 ºC between the masseter and anterior temporalis regions. Analysis of the comparison between the absolute and normalized mean temperatures was performed using the pairwise comparison of receiver operating characteristic curves, and no statistically significant difference was observed (p . 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of the thermographic assessment for the masseter region was of 70% and 73%, respectively and for the anterior temporalis region was of 80% and 62%, respectively. Conclusions: This method of evaluating masticatory muscle regions of this preliminary study seems to indicate that it can be used as an aid in complimentary diagnosing of TMDs. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology (2014) 43, 20130440. doi: 10.1259 Cite this article as: Haddad DS, Brioschi ML, Vardasca R, Weber M, Crosato EM, Arita ES. Thermographic characterization of masticatory muscle regions in volunteers with and without myogenous temporomandibular disorder: preliminary results.

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