This article presents the results of a bibliometric study that aimed to identify academic publications that considered the relationship between social entrepreneurship and the competency of complex thinking and its sub-competencies. The intention is to create a theoretical horizon that provides a complete overview of the current academic correlation between both competencies to identify areas of opportunity for new studies. Methodologically, we reviewed the Scopus and Web of Science databases under the PRISMA protocol. R, RStudio, and Bibliometrix were used to quantitatively analyze the data. The results showed that the number of related publications was minimal and corresponded to current studies, which sheds light on the vast possibilities to analyze the relationship between both variables.

The aim of this article is to present the results of a diagnostic study carried out on a group of Mexican university students regarding their perceived achievement of social entrepreneurship competence and its subcompetences. By means of a multivariate descriptive statistical analysis, it was possible to evaluate the perception of this group on their level of perceived achievement considering the variable age. The results show a positive perception on the personal subcompetences and a low perception on the subcompetences of social innovation and business management. This article concludes with the need to promote projects and training programs that improve students’ perception of the achievement of the economic and administrative subcompetences linked to the management processes of the social entrepreneurship competence. This will allow future social entrepreneurs to develop an optimistic view of their professional tools when it comes to materializing their projects.

This article aims to show the validated results of implementing a self-created methodology for developing the perceived achievement of social entrepreneurship competency and how this methodology is equally valid in developing the perceived achievement of complex thinking competency. Presenting a multivariate descriptive statistical analysis, this article offers the results of an educational intervention carried out on a sample group of students from a Mexican university before and after implementing the SEL4C (Social Entrepreneurship Learning for Complexity) methodology (developed by the Interdisciplinary Research Group IRG Reasoning for Complexity R4C at the Institute for the Future of Education IFE of the Tecnologico de Monterrey). It corroborates that the proposed methodology impacts the perceived achievement of social entrepreneurship competency and its sub-competencies and also manages to develop the perception of achievement of the complex thinking competency. This article contributes to the studies associated with the formation of competencies and the social entrepreneurship approach as a valid pedagogical tool for developing transversal skills.

Trees provide a broad amount of ecosystem services in urban areas. Although it is well documented that trees are essential for the well-being and livability of cities, trees are often not evenly distributed. Studies have found that urban residents with a deprived socioeconomic status are associated with a lower coverage and access to urban trees in their communities, yet a fair distribution of trees contributes to the sustainability and resilience of cities. In this context, the environmental justice movement seeks to ensure equal distribution of green infrastructure and its benefits throughout a territory. The objective of this study is threefold: (i) to determine whether urban trees in Guadalajara, Mexico, are distributed equally; (ii) to assess the association between urban trees and socioeconomic status; and (iii) to introduce compositional data analysis to the existing literature. Due to the compositional nature of the data, compositional analysis techniques are applied. We believe this novel approach will help define the proper management of data used in the literature. The outcomes provide insights for urban planners working towards the Sustainable Development Goals to help eradicate the uneven distribution of urban trees in cities.

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The location and context in which people live influences and conditions their opportunities in life. This becomes relevant in a world subject to rapid urban and demographic growth, in which different economic, social, and political forces generate and accentuate disparities in cities. The foregoing generates an unequal distribution of the different social groups in the territory known as socio-spatial segregation. The study of this phenomenon incorporates a large number of variables belonging to different dimensions. Nonetheless, few studies have addressed socio-spatial segregation with a multivariate analysis approach. In addition, the existing studies may have obtained misleading outcomes by not acknowledging the inherent compositional nature of their variables. The objective of the present study is twofold: (i) To assess whether the phenomenon of socio-spatial segregation in Guadalajara, Mexico exists; and (ii) to introduce and stress the use of compositional techniques for the study of socio-spatial segregation. The study applied principal component analysis and cluster analysis considering the compositional nature of census variables, particularly from economic and educative indicators. In addition, the study used geographical information tools to depict and interpret the results. The results are intended to serve in the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals towards inclusive and sustainable cities.

Complex thinking is an important tool for effective decision-making, as it helps people to better understand uncertain situations by considering the multiple variables and relationships involved in a situation, thus being able to identify patterns and connections that would not otherwise be evident. This article presents the results of a bibliometric study to identify academic publications that consider the correlation between decision-making in the business area and complex thinking competency and its sub-competencies. The intention was to have a theoretical horizon that provides a complete overview of the current academic situation regarding the correlation of both professional skills to identify areas of opportunity for new studies. Methodologically, we conducted a literature review using Scopus and Web of Science databases under the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocol from which a sample of 339 articles related to both topics was obtained. R, Rstudio, and Bibliometrix were used for the quantitative analysis of the data. The results showed an academic tendency to associate decision-making in business with critical thinking, paying little attention to the other sub-competencies of complex thinking. Furthermore, we found a concentration of research in specific universities and countries, repeating a tendency to study only a few sub-competencies. Overall, this work sheds light on the broad opportunity to link the complex thinking macro-competency with decision-making in business, to provide more extraordinary skills and tools to future professionals.

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