Bedside lung ultrasound (LUS) can play a role in the setting of the SarsCoV2 pneumonia pandemic. To evaluate the clinical and LUS features of COVID-19 in the ED and their potential prognostic role, a cohort of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients underwent LUS upon admission in the ED. LUS score was derived from 12 fields. A prevalent LUS pattern was assigned depending on the presence of interstitial syndrome only (Interstitial Pattern), or evidence of subpleural consolidations in at least two fields (Consolidation Pattern). The endpoint was 30-day mortality. The relationship between hemogasanalysis parameters and LUS score was also evaluated. Out of 312 patients, only 36 (11.5%) did not present lung involvment, as defined by LUS score < 1. The majority of patients were admitted either in a general ward (53.8%) or in intensive care unit (9.6%), whereas 106 patients (33.9%) were discharged from the ED. In-hospital mortality was 25.3%, and 30-day survival was 67.6%. A LUS score > 13 had a 77.2% sensitivity and a 71.5% specificity (AUC 0.814; p < 0.001) in predicting mortality. LUS alterations were more frequent (64%) in the posterior lower fields. LUS score was related with P/F (R2 0.68; p < 0.0001) and P/F at FiO2 = 21% (R2 0.59; p < 0.0001). The correlation between LUS score and P/F was not influenced by the prevalent ultrasound pattern. LUS represents an effective tool in both defining diagnosis and stratifying prognosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. The correlation between LUS and hemogasanalysis parameters underscores its role in evaluating lung structure and function.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection xxx (xxxx) xxx Please cite this article as: Rovida F et al., Low risk for SARS-CoV2 symptomatic infection and early complications in paediatric patients during the ongoing CoVID19 epidemics in Lombardy, Clinical Microbiology and Infection,
Aim: Few studies in the literature specifically address the hardiness of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the hardiness levels in an Italian cohort of nurses. The secondary aims were to assess the level of hardiness in nurses directly caring for patients with COVID-19 and to verify the presence of related risk and promoting factors. Methods: A descriptive and explorative study was performed through an online survey from March to July 2020. The survey was composed of a multiple answer questionnaire with open, closed, and semi-closed-ended questions. Hardiness and anxiety were assessed using two psychometric instruments: the Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y). Results: A total of 1250 nurses completed the questionnaire entirely (92.3% of respondents). The average length of service was 17.8 ± 11.5 years. A decrease in the hardiness was recorded after the first wave of COVID-19 if compared to the baseline (mean Δ DRS-15 total = 1.3 ± 5.0), whereas in the subsample of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients, the total hardiness level decreased more consistently (mean Δ DRS Total = 1.9 + 5.3). Multivariate analysis showed that high levels of anxiety were risk factors for reducing hardiness. In contrast, anxiety, when associated with a greater length of service, was a promoting factor for the increase in hardiness. Conclusions:The correlation between anxiety and years of length of service appears to be pivotal. Future research should focus on the role of anxiety to establish its actual role as a predictor of hardiness.
, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) started a new pandemic respiratory disease named 2019 novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19). 1,2 Lombardy Region (northern Italy) has been involved in a dramatic COVID-19 epidemic episode since February 20 with a rapid increase in the rate of infected patients. At the time of writing, the number of infected people in Italy was higher than 97,000 with more than 40% of cases reported in the Lombardy Region. 2 To date, the diagnosis of COVID-19 is based on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in respiratory samples such as nasal swab (NS). 3
Gli operatori sanitari direttamente coinvolti nella diagnosi, trattamento e cura/assistenza dei pazienti con COVID-19 sono a rischio di sviluppare distress psicologico e altri sintomi correlati alla salute mentale. L'obiettivo primario dello studio è misurare quanto l'emergenza COVID-19 abbia inciso sullo stato di ansia, le manifestazioni di insonnia e la capacità di resilienza degli operatori sanitari. Gli obiettivi secondari consistono nell'evidenziare eventuali differenze tra i livelli misurati delle tre variabili in relazione alle diverse caratteristiche demografiche del campione in studio.
Viene pubblicato un documento del 1409 nel quale sono elencate trenta monete utilizzate come lasciapassare o contrassegni segreti (signa) da presentare alle porte delle città di Parma e Reggio Emilia e in alcune fortezze del territorio circostante per farsi identificare e potervi accedere. Le monete, sia di zecche italiane che straniere, sono spesso descritte con grande dettaglio. Si riporta la trascrizione integrale del documento e la traduzione delle parti di testo relative alle monete, delle quali si propone una identificazione insieme ad alcune considerazioni numismatiche.
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