A cultura da soja é extremamente importante para a economia brasileira, por isso formas para aumentar o rendimento de grãos devem ser consideradas. Uma proposta para aumentar produtividade pode ser a aplicação de micronutriente via foliar. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a resposta da cultura da soja sob diferentes concentrações de boro (B), aplicadas via pulverização foliar, em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento sob sistema de plantio direto. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas. Os tratamentos constituíram de quatro doses de B (0, 150, 300 e 450 g ha-1) aplicadas no estádio vegetativo (V6) e no reprodutivo (R2). Foi avaliado o número de legumes por planta, número de grãos por legumes, massa de mil grãos e a produtividade em kg ha-1. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e comparados pelo teste Tukey a 5% de significância e análise de regressão. A adubação foliar com B promoveu aumento na massa média de grãos quando aplicado em R2 e no número de grãos por legumes (2,43 grãos para dose ajustada de 320 g ha-1 de B). No entanto, a produtividade (3200 kg ha-1) não apresentou comportamento diferenciado independentemente da dose e do estádio fenológico de aplicação. Palavras-chave: Glycine max (L), Absorção de nutrientes, Micronutriente.
[Purpose] To establish the reliability and feasibility of a novel pinch aperture device
to measure proprioceptive joint position sense. [Subjects and Methods] Reliability of the
pinch aperture device was assessed in 21 healthy subjects. Following familiarization with
a 15° target position of the index finger and thumb, subjects performed 5 trials in which
they attempted to actively reproduce the target position without visual feedback. This
procedure was repeated at a testing session on a separate date, and the between-session
intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated. In addition, extensor tendon
vibration was applied to 19 healthy subjects, and paired t-tests were conducted to compare
performance under vibration and no-vibration conditions. Pinch aperture proprioception was
also assessed in two individuals with known diabetic neuropathy. [Results] The pinch
aperture device demonstrated excellent reliability in healthy subjects (ICC 0.88, 95%
confidence interval 0.70–0.95). Tendon vibration disrupted pinch aperture proprioception,
causing subjects to undershoot the target position (18.1 ± 2.6° vs. 14.8° ± 0.76,
p<0.001). This tendency to undershoot the target position was also noted in individuals
with diabetic neuropathy. [Conclusion] This study describes a reliable, feasible, and
functional means of measuring finger proprioception. Further research should investigate
the assessment and implications of pinch aperture proprioception in neurological and
orthopedic populations.
Abstract. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a bioceramic used in the medical and dental areas as a bone replacement factor due to its chemical similarity to the mineral phase of bones and teeth. Its use in implants stimulate the growth of bone tissue, showing no toxicity or rejection of the host tissue. Its nanostructured form has been shown to be a viable alternative for photoprotection when doped with metal ions, such as trivalent chromium (Cr + ³). Due to the reach of this form among the population, this work evaluated the mutagenic potential of pure nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAP) and doped with trivalent chromium (Cr + ³) (HCrIII) by means of the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART Test) on Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) wings. Larvae resulting from standard crosses (ST) and high metabolic bioactivation (HB), treated with PAH and with HCrIII at concentrations 16.66 mg/mL, 8.33 mg/mL, and 4.16 mg/mL. As positive and negative controls, urethane and dodecyl sulfate sodium (SDS) were used, respectively. The frequencies of the different categories of mutant spots observed in offspring of HAP (HAP) and HCrIII treated crosses were not significantly different from those observed in the negative control. These data show that pure and chromium-doped (Cr + ³) nanoestructured hydroxyapatite do not exhibit mutagenicity.
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