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O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o ponto de corte da razão cintura-estatura (RCE) com melhor sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia para a população idosa brasileira utilizando o índice de massa corporal (IMC) como referência antropométrica. A amostra representativa da população brasileira foi composta por 5.428 indivíduos idosos, participantes de um inquérito epidemiológico. As variáveis avaliadas foram peso, altura e circunferência da cintura (CC). A RCE foi avaliada tendo como padrão-ouro o IMC utilizando duas propostas de classificação do estado nutricional para a população idosa. O ponto de corte ideal da RCE mostrando simultaneamente a mais alta sensibilidade e especificidade foi determinado utilizando a curva ROC (receiver operating characteristic). Sensibilidade entre 94,9% e 98,4%, especificidade variando de 43% a 55,4% e valores da área sob a curva ROC entre 0,878 e 0,883 foram identificados para o ponto de corte de 0,55. Recomenda-se a utilização da RCE na prática clínica por sua simplicidade e pelo bom poder de detecção de excesso de peso em idosos.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of the ratio between the waist circumference and the height in the identification of health risk compared with the correlation matrix between the anthropometric parameters body mass index and waist circumference. METHODS: A population-based study presenting a transversal cut in a representative sample of the Brazilian adult and older population. The combination of the body mass index with the waist circumference resulted in health risk categories, and the cutoff points of the ratio between the waist circumference and the height as anthropometric indicator were used for classification of low and increased risk. Poisson regression was used to verify the association of systemic arterial hypertension with the health risk categories. RESULTS: The results showed 26% of adult men, 10.4% of adult women and more than 30% of the older adults of both genders classified as without risk by the combination matrix between body mass index and waist circumference presented a ratio between the waist circumference and height that showed increased risk. All risk categories continued to be associated with hypertension after control for confounding factors, being almost two times higher for adults with moderate and high risk according to both methods. When the waist-to-height ratio was used as a risk indicator, the prevalence of hypertension ratios for the older adults was 1.37 (95%CI 1.16–1.63) and 1.35 (95%CI 1.12–1.62) for men and women, respectively, being these values close to the combination matrix body mass index and waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS: The waist-to-height ratio identified more individuals at early health risk than the combination matrix between the body mass index and the waist circumference and showed comparable ability to identify health risk, regardless of gender and age, regarding the prevalence ratios for systemic arterial hypertension.

INTRODUCTION: Adolescence is a stage of great social, family and emotional demands, and the literature has related common mental disorder (CMD) with poor living conditions. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between CMD and socioeconomic status in Brazilian adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study with data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA – Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes). The outcome was CMD and the exposure was socioeconomic status assessed by race/skin color, maternal schooling, resident/room relationship, type of school, existence of maid and bathroom at home, and work activity. For the calculation of prevalence, the survey mode was used and, in the multivariate analysis, logistic regression with p < 5%, as well as the 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The prevalence of CMD in girls was 23.3%, and in boys, 11.1%. The variables associated with CMD in girls were age between 15 and 17 years (OR = 1.34; 1.17–1.51), studying in private school (OR = 1.13; 1.01–1.27), having a housemaid (OR = 1.15; 1.00–1.34) and, as a protective factor, unpaid work (OR = 0.64; 0.55–0.75). Boys also had a higher chance of CMD in the highest age group (OR = 1.42; 1.18–1.71) and when they had a housemaid (OR = 1.26; 1.02–1.57), whereas unpaid work decreased this chance (OR = 0.79; 0.67–0.95). CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic variables that were associated with CMD were suggestive of higher economic class, whereas unpaid work favored the mental health of adolescents, results contrary to the literature on socioeconomic status and CMD.

Percepção; Alimentação; Peso corporal; Criança; Estado Nutricional.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between sleep duration and excess weight in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 65,837 adolescents, aged 12 to 17 years, enrolled in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). Sleep duration was assessed by means of a questionnaire focusing on weekday and weekend hours of sleep. Nutritional status was assessed based on body mass index, and participants were classified according to age and gender. The statistical analysis was performed with the Stata 13 software, using the survey command. Poisson regression was used to determine the association of excess weight with sleep duration categories. Results: A decline in sleep duration was associated with advancing age. The prevalence of short and long-term sleep among adolescents was 17.9 and 3.6%, respectively, while overweight was diagnosed in 25.5% of the sample. Adolescents who reported having short sleep had 10% (PR = 1.10; 95%CI 1.06 – 1.15) more overweight, while those who reported sleeping more than 11 hours had approximately 12% (PR = 0.88; 95%CI 0.78 – 0.99) less excess weight. Conclusion: Our findings reinforce the assumption that insufficient sleep poses health risks, and encouraging regular and sufficient sleep may be a cost-effective intervention for the prevention of overweight in adolescence.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a associação entre a violência física em escolares com fatores socioeconômicos, contexto familiar, saúde mental, comportamentos individuais de risco e ambiente inseguro. Estudo com os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Escolar (PeNSE), 2015, com alunos do 9o ano. A variável desfecho foi o relato de envolvimento em luta física e as variáveis de exposição associadas utilizadas foram relativas à condição socioeconômica e demográfica, supervisão e apoio familiar, saúde mental, comportamentos de risco e ambiente inseguro. Utilizou-se nas análises a regressão logística multivariada com abordagem hierarquizada. A prevalência de envolvimento em briga foi maior em meninos (30,2%; IC 29,3-31,0) comparada às meninas (16,7%; IC 16,0-17,4). Em ambos os sexos houve maior chance de envolvimento com violência física quando uso de drogas, falta às aulas, sedentarismo, insônia, solidão e insegurança na escola ou na comunidade e, principalmente, quando vítima de agressão familiar OR 2,59 (IC 2,31-2,90) em meninos e, em meninas OR 2,42 (IC 2,17-2,71). Houve redução da chance de envolvimento em violência física em meninos pelo fato de estarem trabalhando, em meninas, por estudarem em escola privada, e terem seus problemas e preocupações acolhidos pelos pais ou a participação destes nas atividades escolares.

Nutritional status and prevalence of anemia in children under 36 monthsEstado nutricional y prevalencia de anemia en niños menores de 36 meses RESUMO Objetivos: Estimar a prevalência de anemia correlacionando com o estado nutricional de crianças menores de 36 meses. Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal, retrospectivo e analítico, realizado com 374 crianças com idade inferior a 36 meses, de creches municipais de Vitória, ES. Foi realizada antropometria e coletadas amostras de sangue para dosagem de hemoglobina (Hb), ferro sérico (FeS) e ferritina sérica (FS). Para análise estatística utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado e o teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: A prevalência de anemia nos pré-escolares foi de 10,9% (n=19). Níveis inadequados de ferritina estiveram presentes em 7,5% (n=13) das crianças e de ferro sérico em 27,6% (n=48). O estado nutricional da criança não mostrou associação estatisticamente significante com a anemia. Conclusão: A prevalência de anemia na população estudada caracteriza um problema leve de saúde pública, não sendo observada associação do estado nutricional a essa deficiência. Descritores