Morphology studies provide knowledge that allows us to understand how animals interact with their natural environment or in captivity. In this context, comparative anatomy on the formation of the brachial plexus has been a matter of interest since the 19th century, and remains one of the most intriguing topics of contemporary anatomy. The aim of this study was to describe the origin and the antimeric distribution of the brachial plexus nerves in Macaca mulatta, as well as the muscles innervated by it. Ten male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were used. Animals came from the Laboratory Animals Breeding Centre (Cecal/Fiocruz), and were donated to the Animal Anatomy Department of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Specimens were fixed in formaldehyde by infusion of a 10% solution. They were subsequently kept in low-density polythene containers with 500 L of 30% formaldehyde over a period of 12 months. In 11 plexus (55%) the resulting nerves were constituted by the connections between the ventral spinal branches C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1. In five plexus (25%), the participant roots were C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2. In two (10%) plexus, they were C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2. In the other two (10%) plexus it was observed to be formed from C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2. The ventral branches formed three nerve trunks: cranial, middle and caudal. The suprascapular, subscapular, axillary, musculocutaneous, radial, median and ulnar nerves innervated the intrinsic muscles. The subclavian, thoracodorsal, medial cutaneous nerve of the arm and forearm, long thoracic, cranial pectoral and caudal pectoral innervated extrinsic muscles. Results obtained in this study contribute to the field of comparative anatomy of primates, and provide information for applied research, serving as a basis for clinical and surgical procedures that use this species as a model animal.

The aim of this study was to characterize the renal morphology and anatomical variations of the renal pedicle in domestic shorthaired cats. Dissections were performed in 40 adult cats, obtained from the necropsy unit without macroscopic renal pathology. Kidney dimensions (length, width, and thickness) and the length and origin of the renal arteries and main branches were measured. The length, width and thickness of the right kidney (cm) were 3.83±0.46, 2.42±0.22, and 2.22±0.33 in males, and 3.61±0.53, 2.28±0.38, and 2.13±0.40 in females, respectively. In the left kidney, these measures were 3.82±0.32, 2.48±0.31, and 2.37±0.32 in males, and 3.48±0.47, 2.39±0.26, and 2.15±0.34 in females, respectively. The left kidneys of males were significantly bigger than those of females. There was a positive linear correlation between the rostrum-sacral length and ellipsoid volume of the left kidney only in males. Most of the kidneys were situated ventrally between the third to fifth lumbar vertebras. The right renal artery was situated ventrally to third lumbar vertebra and the left artery to the fourth. The results of the present study contribute to the field of comparative and applied anatomy. 3,83 ± 0,46, 2,42 ± 0,22 e 2,22 ± 0,33 em machos e 3,61 ± 0,53, 2,28 ± 0,38 e 2,13 ± 0,40 em fêmeas, respectivamente. No rim esquerdo, essas medidas foram 3,82 ± 0,32, 2,48 ± 0,31 e 2,37 ± 0,32 em machos e 3,48 ± 0,47, 2,39 ± 0,26 e 2,15 ± 0,34 Keywords: domestic feline, renal measures, vascularization RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a morfologia renal e as variações anatômicas do pedículo renal em gatos de pelo curto brasileiro. As dissecções foram realizadas em 40 gatos adultos, obtidos de necropsias sem evidência de patologia renal macroscópica. Medidas renais (comprimento, largura e espessura), comprimento e origem das artérias renais e ramos principais foram obtidos. O comprimento, a largura e a espessura do rim direito (cm) foram

An adult female red-faced black spider monkey (Ateles paniscus), housed for 2 years in the Parque Estoril Zoo in São Paulo, Brazil, showed apathy. Clinical examination revealed discrete emaciation, swelling and induration of lymph nodes, and presence of a mass in the abdominal cavity. Therapies with enrofloxacin, azithromycin, and ceftiofur were ineffective. The animal died after 6 months. Necropsy and histopathology confirmed granulommas in lymph nodes, parietal and visceral pleura, lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys. Acid-fast bacilli were isolated and identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction restriction analysis and Spoligotyping techniques. The zoo personnel and other animals that had had contact with the infected primate were negative to tuberculosis diagnostic procedures, such as sputum exam (baciloscopy) and thorax radiography. It was impossible to determine whether the infection occurred before or after the arrival of the animal to the Parque Estoril Zoo. This is the first report of M. tuberculosis infection in Ateles paniscus, a neotropical primate.

ResumoO coração é irrigado pelas artérias coronárias, direita e esquerda. Elas ocupam os sulcos coronários, atrioventricular e interventriculares, apresentando diferenças na distribuição, e trajeto de acordo com a espécie. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a dominância entre as artérias coronárias em bovinos. Trinta corações de bovinos de ambos os sexos foram analisados. Nas artérias coronárias e em seus ramos principais, injetou-se Petrolátex S-65 corado e os corações foram imersos e conservados em cubas contendo solução de formaldeído a 10% por sete dias. As artérias coronárias e seus ramos foram dissecados até as ramificações visíveis. A artéria coronária esquerda se originou diretamente da aorta em 100% dos corações em ambos os sexos. Originavam-se desta artéria o ramo interventricular paraconal e o ramo circunflexo esquerdo em 100% dos corações em ambos os sexos. O ramo interventricular subsinuoso se originou do ramo circunflexo esquerdo em 100% dos corações investigados em ambos os sexos. A média do comprimento em centímetros (cm) do ramo interventricular paraconal foi 15,50 ± 0,57 nos machos e 15,44 ± 0,60 nas fêmeas. A média do comprimento em centímetros (cm) do ramo circunflexo esquerdo foi 11,91 ± 0,43 nos machos e 11,65 ± 0,48 nas fêmeas. Os principais ramos da artéria coronária esquerda (ramo interventricular paraconal, ramo circunflexo esquerdo e ramo interventricular subsinuoso) totalizaram 85,5% considerando todos os corações estudados, de machos e fêmeas, e a artéria coronária direita emitiu 14,5% dos ramos em todos os corações estudados.Palavras-chave: coração, ramos, vascularização. AbstractThe heart is irrigated by the right and left coronary arteries. These vessels occupy the atrioventricular and interventricular coronary grooves, showing differences in the distribution and path according to the species. The aim of this study was to verify the dominance of the coronary arteries in cattle. Thirty hearts of bovines, of both sexes, were fixed in 10% formalin and the coronary arteries were cannulated and filled with stained latex S-65. Afterwards they were immersed and stored in vats containing 10% formaldehyde solution for seven days. The coronary arteries and their branches were dissected until the visible ramifications. The left coronary artery originated directly from the aorta in 100% of hearts in both sexes. This artery originated the paraconal interventricular branch and left circumflex branch in 100% of hearts in both sexes The left circumflex branch originated the Interventricular branch subsinuous in 100% of hearts investigated in both sexes. The mean and standard deviation of the length of the interventricular paraconal branch in centimeters (cm) was 15.50 ± 0.57 in males and 15.44 ± 0.60 in females. The mean and standard deviation of the left circumflex branch length in centimeters (cm) was 11.91 ± 0.43 in males and 11.65 ± 0.48 in females. The main branches of the left coronary artery totaled 85.5%, considering all samples, and the right coronary artery issued 14.5% of the branch...

We report a rare case of a metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) arising from the accessory parotid gland in a 14-year-old male. In the pre-surgical assessment, the MR and CT showed no other abnormalities apart from the primary lesion. The lesion was excised and confirmed as a high-grade MEC. Four months later, he presented with a recurrence in his right temple. A (18)F-FDG PET-CT showed distal metastases in cervical nodes and lungs. In view of the findings and poor prognosis of the patient, surgical intervention and radiotherapy were not given and palliative measures offered. This case shows the potential of molecular imaging with (18)F-FDG PET-CT in these patients.

No abstract

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor originating from rhabdomyoblasts that is rarely reported in domestic animals or in free-living and pet birds. This paper presents a case of rhabdomyosarcoma in a free-ranging yellow-headed caracara (Milvago chimachima), originating from the muscle region of proximal left humerus, with metastases in the left pectoral muscles, heart, lungs, and proventriculus. The cytology was suggestive of rhabdomyosarcoma because of malignant features and cytoplasmic cross-striations in cells. The histopathologic examination revealed neoplastic proliferation composed of spindle cells arranged in irregular sheets or bundles with marked cellular pleomorphism, moderate mitotic ratio, and multinucleated giant cells. Some neoplastic cells also presented evidence of scant cytoplasmic cross-striations visible at histologic sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin and phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin. Immunohistochemically, tumors cells were positive for desmin and negative for alpha-smooth muscle actin and S100 protein.

ResumoO objetivo deste artigo é descrever as principais ramificações da artéria basilar, a formação do circuito arterioso, e a morfometria do encéfalo em coelhos adultos de ambos os sexos. Foi realizada canulação da aorta torácica através de incisão lateral, fixação com solução de formaldeído a 10% e preenchimento do sistema arterial com solução de látex corado. Procedeu-se à craniotomia, remoção e morfometria do encéfalo, além de dissecção para a observação das ramificações principais da artéria basilar e da formação do circuito arterioso. A média e erro padrão do comprimento da artéria basilar foram de 1,293 cm ± 0,024 nas fêmeas e 1,227 cm ± 0,025 nos machos. Em todos os coelhos dissecados, a artéria basilar se originou da anastomose das artérias vertebrais, direita e esquerda, emitindo a artéria cerebelar caudal, ramos variados para bulbo e ponte, ramos terminais e artérias cerebelares rostrais. As artérias da base do encéfalo estiveram na dependência dos sistemas carótico e vértebro-basilar. O circuito arterioso do cérebro estava fechado rostralmente em 10 machos e 12 fêmeas e fechado caudalmente em todos os animais dissecados. Palavras-chave: Cérebro; Coelho; Vascularização arterial AbstractBrain morphometry and arterial circuit formation in New Zealand rabbits. This article aims to describe the main ramifications of basilar artery, arterial circuit formation, and brain morphometry in adult rabbits of both sexes. We performed cannulation of the thoracic aorta through lateral incision, fixation with 10% formaldehyde solution, and filling of the arterial system with colored latex solution. We performed craniotomy, brain removal and morphometry, as well as dissection for observing the main ramifications of the basilar artery and arterial circuit formation. Mean and standard error of the basilar artery length were1.293 cm ± 0.024 in females and 1.227 cm ± 0.025 in males. In all rabbits dissected, the basilar artery stemmed from the anastomosis of vertebral arteries, right and left, giving rise to the caudal cerebellar artery, varied branches to bulb and pons, Biotemas, 27 (2): 147-155, junho de 2014 ISSNe 2175 http://dx