Bats have been increasingly studied in the last 15 years in Mato Grosso do Sul, and several records were not yet considered in reviews of South American bat distributions. Here, we present the bat species and their distributions in Mato Grosso do Sul based mainly on data compilation from literature, but also on complementary information from zoological collections, and our and colleagues' unpublished records. We found 74 species of bats within 42 genera and seven families already reported in Mato Grosso do Sul. Bat species in this state represent 44% of the Brazilian's bat species (E 169) and 7% of the world's bat richness (E 1120). Phyllostomidae (42) and Molossidae (17) were the richest families. Four species formerly cited for Mato Grosso do Sul are not supported by our compilation, and other 15 species recorded in the vicinity are listed as potential occurrences in this state. We additionally found controversial traits for specimens of Platyrrhinus helleri, and report Eumops dabbenei for the first time in Brazil. Most species were recorded in the regions of Cerrado (60) or Pantanal (57) in Mato Grosso do Sul, but only 16 in the Atlantic Forest. Records of Phyllostomidae species were mostly found in Cerrado and those of Molossidae, in Pantanal. Records in Mato Grosso do Sul determine edges of distribution for at least 22 species of South American bats. The overall known chiropteran fauna of Mato Grosso do Sul is highly diverse and new findings are expected through additional surveys. Keywords: Cerrado, Chiroptera, geographic distribution, Eumops dabbenei, Pantanal, Platyrrhinus helleri.

Realizou-se um inventário da fauna de morcegos entre abril e novembro de 2004 no norte de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil (Projeto Jauru/MMA). Oito pontos de coleta foram amostrados com redes-neblina em um ambiente de cerrado, sendo capturados 146 indivíduos de 28 espécies, distribuídos em seis famílias. O total de espécies neste estudo, representa apenas 30% da fauna de morcegos do cerrado. A família mais capturada foi a Phyllostomidae, representada por Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766) e Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818). Algumas espécies raras foram capturadas: Lophostoma brasiliense (Peters, 1866), Lonchophylla mordax Thomas, 1903 e Lionycteris spurrelli Thomas, 1913. O local de maior abundância (0,032 indivíduos/m²/h) mostrou um índice de Simpson de D = 3.86 e o de menor abundância (0,003 indivíduos/m²/h) um índice de Simpson de D = 3.03. A preservação dos mananciais de água e a cobertura florestal nestes pontos são discutidas.

Located in southwestern Brazil, the Pantanal is a Wetland of International Importance and Biosphere reserve. It is composed of several subregions, each with distinct vegetation, and hosts diverse bat fauna. The goal of this study was to compare the bat communities between different subregions of the Pantanal, especially poorly sampled areas. From February 2008 to November 2009, we surveyed bats using mist nets at five sites with different vegetation structure and hydrology, over an area of 30,000 km2. Fecal samples were also collected. We captured 254 bats belonging to six families and 37 species: Phyllostomidae (19), Vespertilionidae (8), Molossidae (8), Noctilionidae (1), Emballonuridae (1) and Natalidae (1). The most abundant species wasArtibeus planirostris(32%). The species reported in this study represent 60% of bat species recorded in Mato Grosso do Sul and 71% of species known from the Pantanal region of the state. We also highlight important records for the Pantanal, includingEumops patagonicus,Eptesicus diminutusandMicronycteris sanborni. The most common plant species in the feces of bats were from the generaCecropiaandFicus. The community of bats in the Pantanal proved rich and diverse, with differences among subregions, possibly reflecting their complex landscape and different habitats.

ABSTRACT. We updated the checklist of mammals from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil based on primary records only. One hundred and sixty-six mammal species were listed as occurring in the state, 47 of them being medium to large, 47 small mammal and 73 bat species. The listed species are distributed in 31 families: Didelphidae (17 spp.), Dasypodidae (7 spp.), Myrmecophagidae (2 spp.), Cebidae (1 sp.), Callithrichidae (2 spp.), Aotidae (1 sp.), Pitheciidae (1 sp.), Atelidae (1 sp.), Leporidae (1 sp.), Felidae (7 spp.), Canidae (4 spp.), Mustelidae (5 spp.), Mephitidae (2 spp.), Procyonidae (2 spp.), Tapiridae (1 sp.), Tayassuidae (2 spp.), Cervidae (4 spp.), Sciuridae (1 sp.), Cricetidae (22 spp.), Erethizontidae (1 sp.), Caviidae (3 spp.), Dasyproctidae (1 sp.), Cuniculidae (1 sp.), Echimyidae (4 spp.), Phyllostomidae (41 spp.), Emballonuridae (2 spp.), Molossidae (16 spp.), Vespertilionidae (9 spp.), Mormoopidae (1 sp.), Noctilionidae (2 spp.), and Natalidade (1 sp.). These numbers represent an increase of fourteen species with primary records for the state in comparison with the previously published checklist. However, it is evident the scarcity of information at several regions of the state, and the need of implementation of regional zoological collections. The state of Mato Grosso do Sul represent only 4.19% of the Brazilian territory, but the number of mammal species reach 24.13% of the known species occurring in the country.

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From January to December 1999, the diet of Noctilio leporinus (Linnaeus, 1758) was determined in a salt-water ecosystem, by analysing the feces of bats captured in mist nets. Of the 61 samples analyzed, most contained remains of fish (90.2%), followed by insects (70.5%) and crustaceous (29.5%). The most frequent fishes species were: silversides Atherinella brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825), anchovies Cetengraulis edentulus (Cuvier, 1829) and scaly sardines Ophisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818). The most frequent insects were moths (Saturniidae) and beetles (Cerambycidae, Scarabaeidae and Coccinellidae), as well as two species of bat ectoparasites (Streblidae). Among the crustaceous the shrimp (Palaemonidae) and crabs (Gecarcinidae) are was present. The consumption of fish, insects and crustaceans was different for the males and females throughout the year.

ABSTRACT. OPENING FORMS OF PALM NUTS SYAGR US ROMANZOFFIANA (CHAM ISSO) GLASSMAN MADE BY SClURUS INGRAMI THOMAS (RODENTIA, Sc ruRIDAE). ln this work was identifyed the diferents opening forms of the paIOl nuts Syagrus romanzoffiana by brazilian squirrel Sciurus ingrami in four diferents points of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazi\. Was caracterized tive basic forms of opening, in acording with the number of incisions and opening aspects. The !arm with lower nuOlber of incisions (two) was also the greather frequently in the four points saOlpled (66 ,25%; N = 5194) well as registred lhe lower opening time (7,2 ± 1,7 min) in relationship with other !amls (9,2 ± 2,3 min) . To explicate the diferences in the frequences of forms discovered, is proposed "apprenliceship's hypothesis" which the young squirrels of lhe population, along the opening nuts apprenticeship, to passing of the forms with larger number of incisions to tarms wilh lower number af incisions, ending in the form of more frequence, which is maintained by adult squirrels. KEY WORDS. Rodentia, Sciuridae, seed predation, squirrel behavior, paIOl nuts o serelepe ou caxinguelê Sciurus ingrami Thomas, 1901