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A new triterpene saponin (1) was isolated from a methanol extract of Swartzia apetala Raddi var. glabra, together with the flavonoids mauritianin (2), kaempferol (3) and the triterpene saponin β-D-glucopyranosyl 3β-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oate (4). These compounds were characterised on the basis of their spectral data, mainly one-dimension (1D; (1)H, (13)C, APT) and two-dimension (2D; (1)H-(1)H-COSY, HMQC and HMBC) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and HR-ESI-MS, and comparison with values in the literature. The analysis by HR-ESI-MS showed a mass compatible with that of triterpene saponin 1. This proposal was supported by molecular modelling. LC-HR-ESI-MS experiment was also used to evaluate the purity of 1 and allowed to speculate about the possibility of the presence of 5 in very small quantity. The extract and four compounds were assayed for antifungal activity against nine strains of Candida spp.

Abstract:One novel triterpene cycloartane-type, named hirtinone (1), six protolimonoidsnilocitin (2), dihydronilocitin B (3), melianone epimers (4) and (5), piscidinol A (6) and melianone lactone (7), one tertranortriterpenoid, hirtin (8), and one sesquiterpene, spathulenol (9), were identified in the fruits of Trichilia hirta. The structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR (

Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw. The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytochemical profile and the antioxidant activity comparing the results between different organs of Costus spicatus. We used the stems, leaves and flowers of Costus spicatus harvested at the State University of Norte Fluminense "Darcy Ribeiro" in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The different organs were evaluated for antioxidant activity and phytochemical profile in the hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions. The results obtained proved the presence of triterpenes and steroids (Liebermann-Burchard), flavonoids (Shinoda), saponins (foaming index), alkaloids (Dragendorff) and tannins (ferric chloride). We demonstrated the potential antioxidant activity. We concluded that Costus spicatus presented all classes of metabolites studied, among which some already have their biological activity known by the literature, being necessary the performance of quantitative and research studies that demonstrate their pharmacological effects, thus contributing to the development of new drugs.

RESUMO: "Constituintes químicos de Swartzia apetala Raddi var. glabra e avaliação da atividade antifúngica contra espécies de Candida". Do extrato hexânico da madeira de Swartzia apetala Raddi var. glabra foram isolados um estilbeno (1), uma flavanona (2), um pterocarpano (3), um triterpeno (4) e uma mistura de esteróides (5 a 7). O extrato bruto e as substâncias isoladas foram submetidas à avaliação do potencial antifúngico usando nove cepas padrão ATCC do gênero Candida. Entre as substâncias testadas apenas o triterpeno (4) e a mistura de esteróides (5 a 7) não apresentaram atividade. As estruturas das substâncias foram determinadas através da análise dos espectros de CG/EM, e RMN (1D e 2D) e comparação com dados da literatura.Unitermos: Swartzia apetala, atividade antifúngica, estilbeno, flavonoides, terpenóides. ABSTRACT:From the hexanic extract of the stem from Swartzia apetala Raddi var. glabra were isolated one stilbene (1), one flavanone (2), one pterocarpan (3), one triterpene (4) and a mixture of three steroids (5 to 7). The crude extract and the compounds isolated were submitted to evaluation of the antifungal activity against nine yeast standard ATCC of the Candida genus. Among the compounds only the triterpene (4) and the mixture of steroids (5 to 7) showed no activity. The structures of the compounds were determined by spectral data analysis of GC/MS and 1 H and 13 C NMR (1D and 2D experiments), as well as comparison with literature values.