Traditionally, the design coordination process is carried out by overlaying and comparing 2D drawings made by different project participants. Detecting information errors from a composite drawing is especially challenging and error prone. This procedure usually leaves many design errors undetected until construction begins, and typically lead to rework. Correcting conflict issues, which were not identified during design and coordination phase, reduces the overall productivity for everyone involved in the construction process. The identification of construction issues in the field generate Request for Information (RFIs) that is one of delays causes. The application of Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) tools to the coordination processes can bring significant value to architecture, structure, and mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) designs in terms of a reduced number of errors undetected and requests for information. This paper is focused on evaluating requests for information (RFI) associated with water/sanitary facilities of a BIM model. Thus, it is expected to add improvements of water/sanitary facility designs, as well as to assist the virtual construction team to notice and identify design problems. This is an exploratory and descriptive research. A qualitative methodology is used. This study adopts RFI’s classification in six analyzed categories: correction, omission, validation of information, modification, divergence of information and verification. The results demonstrate VDC’s contribution improving the plumbing system designs. Recommendations are suggested to identify and avoid these RFI types in plumbing system design process or during virtual construction.
Brownfields são áreas marrons, campos escuros, ociosos ou em subutilização. São antigas construções industriais ou comerciais que, atualmente, são produtos do dinamismo econômico e social ao qual as cidades estão inseridas. O processo esperado de cada cidade é o crescimento de atividades econômicas e surgimento grandes empreendimentos imobiliários. Este movimento desencadeia o adensamento e intensificação de determinadas áreas e, concomitante, abandono e degradação das outrasos brownfields. Estas áreas, no entanto, são dotadas de rugosidades sociais, capazes de aderir à contemporaneidade da região e dar espaço a parques e passeios públicos, complexos residenciais e comerciais e espaços culturais os brownfields revitalizados. Revitalizar é atribuir nova função ou vida. Dessa forma, após o processo de revitalização, os brownfields recebem a missão de contribuir com a paisagem urbana, criando um urbanismo pós-industrial. O presente trabalho buscou apresentar e sequenciar a cadeia de valor para propor o desenvolvimento de um projeto direcionado às aglomerações ociosas, partindo do estudo de leis regionais e municipais, assim como histórico da cidade e análise de valor agregado do terreno, viabilizando uma estrutura capaz de direcionar gerenciadoras, incorporadoras, setor público e partes interessadas, permitindo a replicação em diferentes escalas de projetos de revitalização urbana. Os resultados obtidos fazem parte de um processo de compilação de informações levantadas e seis diferentes habilidades. A correta aplicação destas habilidades aumenta as chances de sucesso em uma ampla série de projetos diferentes. As habilidades, então, são conhecidas por: (i) Iniciação, (ii) Formulação, (iii) Planejamento e Estrutura, (iv) Execução, (v) Monitoramento e Controle e (vi) Encerramento. Ao final, ressalta-se a importância de revitalizar aglomerados urbanos ociosos e as habilidades estratégicas que possibilitaram tornar estas regiões em brownfields revitalizados, projetos-modelos capazes de serem replicados em diversas modalidades e regiões do mundo.
In the era of the ecological and economic crisis, many construction projects in developing countries are considered unsustainable, especially those aimed at the low-income population, so sustainable construction can be considered as the starting point for implementing the principles of sustainable development in the community. One of the factors for the predominance of conventional single-family houses is investment, since ecologically sustainable constructions are initially more onerous and the social aspect of sustainability is initially not considered, but in several studies analyzed, the lower cost of the life cycle and the longer economic life of sustainable buildings were weighted as a beneficial effect on total cost, having a positive impact on the real estate market of green residential real estate. This article provides an explanation based on current literature on sustainability concepts, sustainability classification systems, some lessons learned from unsustainable projects, and extensive research on sustainable construction in low-income communities considering how architects, engineers, builders, owners and communities can better apply social sustainability to find appropriate design and construction solutions that maximize project success as well as their life cycle. With this study one can conclude that the architectural decisions associated to the modern construction techniques can have a positive impact on the final value of the sustainable houses.
The current economic instability in the country, which has worsened in recent years has generated insecurity in real estate investors. Where once there were great gains, appreciation and high constants, today it presents risk, stagnation and an exacerbated timidity due to the current dynamics of the market. However, arbitrage opportunities can present better returns taking into account the same type of investment. However, the real estate investor should look more closely at each opportunity before making the decision to invest. The objective of this study was to compare real estate investments in Fortaleza with fixed income investments. In order to do so, a comparative analysis of profitability and market risk using the SHARPE index among the 20 most traded neighborhoods of Fortaleza, considering them as real estate funds (FII), and public securities TFB, NFB, NTN-B, NTN-Main B, NTN-C and NTN-F during the period from January / 14 to December / 17. As a result, it was found that in the year 2014, 25% of the districts had an average return of between 2% and 3% a month, and approximately 75% had higher returns than public bonds, which had yields below 1% per month. As of 2015, this movement has reversed and Fortaleza's neighborhoods started to show lower average yields than investments in public bonds, which means investment with greater risks for investments in the real estate market. In 2016, Sharpe's index values were between-3.00% and-0.44%, indicating an increased risk in the industry. In this way, public bonds became more attractive between 2015 and 2017. In 2017, average profitability in the neighborhoods of Fortaleza showed signs of improvement, but still did not surpass fixed-income investments. The results found can help investors improve the quality of their decisions by seeking a more secure position during the crisis period.
Real Estate Investment Trusts represent a growing market in the national scene, offering many opportunities for investors. However, they are risky assets, therefore it is important to identify and quantify this risk, and adjust the desired return. This work aims to develop a methodology that uses statistical analysis to compare risk and return of real estate trusts with other applications available in the market, like applications linked to CDI, IGP-M, IBOV, INCC and IMOB. Furthermore, combinations are performed simulating different possible portfolios, based on nineteen real estate trusts, offering different levels of return and risk, which can be adjusted according to the investor's profile. Using the Sharpe Ratio to create a rank, the top five portfolios are then exposed. The optimal portfolio has a expected return of 1.90 % per month with a deviation of 3.73 %, being an intermediate investment between fixed income and the stock market, although it has a higher expected return compared to the other indexes. Finally, it is verified by simple linear regression that neither future behavior of the optimal portfolio, nor assets that compose it, can be estimated based on IMOB's behavior, with 95 % of reliability.
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