Social housing (SH) upgrades involve multiple stakeholders with sometimes divergent requirements and needs. Collaboration and participative processes are essential to ensuring an appropriate value for users is delivered through social housing upgrades. Living Labs are user-centred initiatives where researchers, public and private partners, and users collaborate to develop innovative solutions in real-live environments. However, scarce research exists on how Living Labs may support the upgrading of social housing, and there is a need to explore what the challenges are that can be expected in this context. This paper discusses an integrative literature synthesis of housing upgrades developed within the context of Living Labs. Nine information-rich cases identified in the literature were chosen for in-depth examination. A living lab process was proposed based on the literature and activities and tools used in Living Labs were identified. From the challenges highlighted by existing studies, a series of recommendations to support the development of Living Labs in social housing upgrades was proposed. These should support Living Labs implementation initiatives in this specific context.
O setor da construção civil apresenta índices de acidentes de trabalho mais elevados em relação à maioria dos demais setores industriais. Melhorias nas práticas atuais de gestão da segurança e saúde no trabalho (SST) podem trazer benefícios como a preservação da vida humana e o aumento da competitividade das empresas no mercado com a redução dos custos decorrentes de acidentes, multas e embargos. Este artigo apresenta um levantamento e uma avaliação do grau de implementação das práticas de gestão em SST e a identificação das dificuldades na implementação destas práticas e no cumprimento das normas, na perspectiva dos responsáveis pela gestão da segurança em empresas construtoras. Os dados foram coletados através da realização de uma survey, com questionários aplicados nos canteiros de obra de 40 empresas do segmento de edificações residenciais de Porto Alegre (RS). Estes dados foram comparados com os resultados de uma survey similar realizada na Espanha com 20 empresas construtoras. Para analisar e classificar as práticas utilizaram-se técnicas estatísticas de análise de componentes principais e múltiplas respostas. Foram criadas cinco categorias de práticas de gestão da SST, sendo analisadas as práticas individuais mais utilizadas na amostra de empresas. Faz-se também uma comparação entre as categorias de práticas mais utilizadas e a percepção de importância por parte dos gerentes.
Living Labs (LLs) consist of social and dynamic environments that enable end-users and stakeholders to collaborate towards an innovation. This paper presents the concept of LLs and analysis on how it can foster communication and collaboration from a lean perspective. Key concepts, such as co-creation, common ground, shared understanding and boundary objects are discussed in relation to LLs. The paper highlights the synergies between LLs and lean, including the focus on users' needs and values, the use of participatory approaches and early inclusion of stakeholders in the decision-making process, for example. There is however lack of clarity in the literature regarding the concept of LLs and, hence, there is a need for future empirical research to enable a better understanding of the synergies between Living Labs and lean.
The Target Value Design (TVD) is a collaborative process where value drives the design process to achieve the client's expectations while maintaining the costs and schedule under control. Its application has been successful ing several construction projects, especially in the healthcare context. Applying TVD to the real estate context, however, can be challenging. This paper aims to identify links between TDV and the Living Lab (LL) concept which may potentially help overcome these challenges. LLs are usercentred initiatives that focus on developing innovative solutions through cocreation and collaboration among stakeholders in a real-life context. A review on existing literature was performed to identify how a LL approach can strength TVD in a real state context. The results present opportunities to synergize TVD and LL for a beneficial result.
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