The Mecardonia genus belongs to the Scrophulariaceae family, composed by 37 species, five of them original of Argentina. M. tenella is an attractive herbaceous native plant characterized by its intensive green foliage and their abundant ring shaped yellow flowers (Zuloaga and Morrone, 1999). It is a very interesting plant for pot and/or garden. A trait to improve in this species is the size of the flowers. To start a breeding program applying biotechnological approaches (plant transformation or in vitro mutagenesis) the establishment of in vitro micropropagation technique is required as the first step.
In vitro germination of immature seeds of Jacaranda mimosifolia treated with gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) was studied. Immature seeds were collected monthly after crossings and sown on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium with 3.0% sucrose and 0.6% agar after soaked 24 hours with 0, 10, 100, and 500 mg·L -1 GA 3 solutions. Though germination was observed in the immature seeds harvested 2 months after crossing (2 MAC), the rate was quite low. When immature seeds of 3 MAC treated with 100 or 500 mg·L -1 GA 3 solution were cultured, >60% germination were obtained within 2 weeks after culturing. These results indicate that immature seeds of 3 MAC treated with adequate GA 3 solutions, seedlings can be obtained precociously and the period from crossing to the seedling stage was shorter than for mature seeds.
Alstroemeria (Alstroemeriaceae) es un género nativo de Sudamérica. Sus especies, que se distribuyen desde Venezuela hasta Argentina y Chile, tienen alto impacto en el mercado de plantas ornamentales, debido al color y atractiva forma de sus flores. El cultivo in vitro de meristemas aumenta la eficiencia de la propagación de las plantas y su calidad, por contribuir con el saneamiento de enfermedades sistémicas. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar un protocolo eficiente de cultivo in vitro de meristemas de rizoma de Alstroemeria híbrida var. Fiesta de 15 INTA, a partir del agregado de reguladores de crecimiento bencilaminopurina (BAP) y ácido naftalenacético (ANA) a un medio de cultivo base. Se evaluó la cantidad total de plantas completas alcanzadas, producción de hojas, longitud aérea y radical, formación de callo, necrosis y mortandad de los explantos sembrados sobre MS; MS + 1 mg L-1 BAP; MS + 0,2 mg L-1 ANA; y MS + 0,2 mg L-1 ANA + 1 mg L-1 BAP. Se realizó un análisis de la varianza y la evaluación de diferencias entre medias por el test de Tukey. La suplementación de 0,2 mg L-1 ANA al medio MS es suficiente para el cultivo de meristemas de rizoma de Alstroemeria var. Fiesta de 15 INTA, ya que su empleo resultó en una mayor producción aérea y radical y, consecuentemente de plantas completas, además de un alto porcentaje de sobrevivencia de plantas luego de su transferencia al invernáculo. Palabras clave: Alstroemeria, cultivo de meristemas, micropropagación, reguladores de crecimiento, bencilaminopurina (BAP), ácido naftalenacético (ANA).
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