This paper presents estimates of energy intensities and CO2 emissions for Andalusia’s economy in 2000. Energy intensities of productive sectors are calculated in several scenarios using a SAM model specified with a social accounting matrix elaborated by the authors. Emissions are estimated with an input-output model, breaking down emissions into those due to intermediate and final uses. The results indicate there are important variations in energy intensities across sectors as well as substantial changes when consumption and investment are endogenous. Emission estimates are quite satisfactory in the base year and the simulations performed show the large impact resulting from changes in domestic final demand.
This paper presents two versions of an applied general equilibrium model for the regional economy of Andalusia, Spain, that differ in the closure rule adopted to describe the behavior of the public sector. We use the model with to analyze the impact that the reform of the personal income tax (Act 40/98) implemented in Spain as a whole would have had on the Andalusian region in particular. The model is of the neoclassical variety and includes not only the productive sectors of the economy but also the foreign sector and the government, which are usually absent from theoretical general equilibrium models. Both versions of the model are calibrated by using a Social Accounting Matrix of Andalusia for 1995. The analysis shows that the reform is not self-financing, not even partially, despite governmental claims. It also indicates that there is a positive but smaller than anticipated economic stimulus. In welfare terms, we find that the category of Urban Salaried consumers is the one that benefits the most in real income terms.
Small-scale sporting events contribute to hosting economies through the expenditures of both sports team activities and sports tourism. Among these sports, football has an increasing importance worldwide, with outstanding competition, such as the Spanish Football League. The goal of this paper was to assess the impact of a team's promotion on the hosting economy by using linear models based on regionalized Social Accounting Matrices (SAMs). The proposed methodology is applied to the real case of the promotion of the Spanish team Cordoba F.C. over the 2014-2015 season. Estimates are made under two scenarios, conservative and progressive, encompassing different rates of both attendance and average expenditure per spectator and per match. The results highlight that the net expenditures associated with small-scale sporting events benefit the hosting economy, spurring the production of goods and services directly demanded as well as the production of supplier activities.
RESUMENLos eventos deportivos de pequeña escala contribuyen a las economías anfitrionas tanto a través de los gastos de las actividades de los equipos deportivos como a través del turismo deportivo. Entre esos deportes, el futbol tiene una creciente importancia en todo el mundo, como la sobresaliente competición de la Liga de Futbol española. El objetivo de este trabajo es valorar el impacto de la promoción de un equipo en la economía anfitriona utilizando modelos lineales basados en Matrices regionales de Contabilidad Social. La metodología propuesta se aplica al caso real de la promoción del equipo español Córdoba FC durante la temporada 2014-2015. Las estimaciones se hacen bajo dos escenarios, conservador y progresista, abarcando diferentes tasas tanto de asistencia como de gasto medio por espectador y partido. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que los gastos netos asociados con eventos deportivos de pequeña escala benefician a la economía local, estimulando la producción de bienes y servicios directamente demandados así como la producción de actividades proveedoras.
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