Based on the Threat‐to‐Self‐Esteem (TSE) model integrated with the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, we proposed an inverted U‐shaped curvilinear relationship between receiving instrumental social support and task performance, mediated by work engagement. Further, grounded on the TSE model, we proposed the provision of instrumental social support neutralises the curvilinear association between receiving instrumental social support and work engagement. We examined these hypotheses using two samples of South Korean employees. In Study 1, we collected three‐wave data (N = 302) from employees in a manufacturing company and found curvilinear associations between receiving instrumental social support and work outcomes (i.e. work engagement and task performance), supporting the Too‐Much‐of‐a‐Good‐Thing (TMGT) effects. However, we did not find support for the moderating (neutralising) effects. In Study 2, we replicated the model that was supported in Study 1 (curvilinear model), using a different sample and two‐wave daily diary method (N = 530, construction employees). Overall, based on the TSE model, the COR theory, and TMGT principles, in two settings and with different methods, we found support for curvilinear associations between receiving instrumental social support and work outcomes and an indirect curvilinear effect of receiving instrumental social support on task performance via work engagement.
Based on the Conservation of Resources theory, we develop dual mechanisms by which lunchtime recovery activities predict creativity. Specifically, by conceptualizing the quality of lunchtime naps and meals as examples of recovery activities, we expect these recovery activities help individuals replenish their psychological resources in the form of more work engagement (affective process) and less cognitive depletion (cognitive process). Further, individuals are expected to utilize these available psychological resources to generate creative ideas. To test our model, we used a group‐mean centering approach to focus on within‐person effects by recruiting 230 employees working at construction sites in South Korea. Overall, after removing 242 invalid observations (omitting at least two items and not reporting the duration of a nap), we finalized a total of two‐wave 1598 daily questionnaires. A high quality of lunchtime naps and meals helps individuals recover their emotional resources (more work engagement) and cognitive resources (less cognitive depletion), which predict individuals' creativity. Finally, although indirect effects of the two recovery activities on creativity via affective and cognitive processes were generally supported, the indirect effect of lunch nap quality on creativity via work engagement was not significant, suggesting most of the effect is due to meal quality rather than nap quality.
PurposeThe present research aimed to develop and test cognitive processes through which instrumental leadership leads to creativity via problem-solving rumination and knowledge sharing with coworkers, based on the self-regulatory perspective of goal progress theory.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 166 male construction workers (nested within 19 male leaders) who completed the total of 1,642 daily diary questionnaires. Further, a group-mean centering approach and several control variables were used in order to improve causal inferences of the results.FindingsIt was found that instrumental leadership predicts problem-solving rumination (an intrapersonal self-regulatory process) and knowledge sharing with coworkers (an interpersonal self-regulatory process), which, in turn, result in creativity.Originality/valueIn addition to motivational processes that explain the relationships between several leadership styles and creativity, the current research found a crucial role of instrumental leadership in predicting creativity.
PurposeThe purpose of the current research is (1) to test affective mechanisms by which a leader's work engagement predicts team performance via a follower's work engagement in a trickle-down fashion and (2) to examine the moderating role of relational identification with the leader on the trickle-down effect.Design/methodology/approachMultisource and three-wave data was collected from 404 followers working in 76 teams from a construction company in South Korea. By aggregating all study variables, a 2-2-2 level approach by using the PROCESS macro with bootstrapping (10,000 samples) in SPSS was used to test the proposed model.FindingsThe current research uses a team-level analysis to examine (1) the effect of a leader's work engagement on team performance via a follower's work engagement and (2) moderating role of relational identification via the lens of the affective processing theory (APT) and the conservation of resource (COR) theory.Originality/valueBased the lens of APT and COR theory, the current research found that the contagious effect of a leader's work engagement on followers is conditional. Specifically a leader's work engagement has a positive effect on followers' work engagement only when followers have a high sense of relational identification with their leader. However, a leader's work engagement has an adverse effect on followers when followers have a low sense of relational identification.
In this research I developed a mediation model in which individuals' personality traits according to the five-factor model (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience) predict hair loss via scalp sweat. To test the proposed model I used archival
data obtained from 472 people (157 men and 315 women) living in Germany. It was found that scalp sweat mediated (a) the negative relationship between conscientiousness and hair loss and (b) the positive relationship between neuroticism and hair loss. Results also showed that gender moderated
the association between neuroticism and scalp sweat, such that the relationship between neuroticism and hair loss was stronger for men than it was for women. On the basis of the assumption that personality traits can play a critical role in interpreting the surrounding environment, this study
is first to test the relationship between the five-factor model and hair loss via scalp sweat (a physiological response to a stressful environment).
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