Background: Cardiac disorders are the second most common disorders after cancer in dogs. Cardiac disorders are often fatal and/or silent killers in canines. In our country, in the majority of cardiovascular disorders, there is a frequent omission by clinician and client due to lack of awareness. However, any cardiac abnormality requires to be dealt with top priority to avoid morbidity and mortality in the dog population. The present study was aimed to know the electrocardiographic interpretations of cardiac disorders in dogs.
Methods: For this purpose, a total of 5110 dogs presented at Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, from November 2019 to June 2020 were screened. Among them, 137 dogs had clinical signs about cardiac disorders were subjected to thorough electrocardiographic recordings for interpretations of various cardiac conduction anomalies.
Result: Electrocardiography revealed various types of supraventricular and ventricular abnormalities. Among supraventricular disorders maximally wandering pacemaker (30.60%) was recorded followed by atrial fibrillation (22.58%), left atrial enlargement (8.06%) and sinus arrest (4.84%) in dogs. Among ventricular abnormalities; left ventricular enlargement, right ventricular enlargement and biventricular enlargement (i.e. 41.67%, 37.49% and 8.33%, respectively) were commonly diagnosed.
The present investigation entitled "knowledge of farmers towards reasons for decline of orange orchards in Amravati District" has planned and conducted with the general objectives to study the knowledge of orange growers and exploratory design of social research was used in the present study. In all, 150 farmers were selected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of structural schedule. Collected data were carefully examined, classified and tabulated. Frequency, mean, standard deviation, correlation and multiple regression analysis have been summarized as below. Findings reveled that majority of the respondents were of young and old age group and most of the respondents were educated upto high school level. Near about half of the respondents were in medium land holding range between 4.01 to 10 hectares. Whereas, majority of the respondents had high family size. Nearly 88% of the respondents had medium size of orchard. Most of them had their annual income ranging from Rs. 1, 00,001 to Rs. 1, 50,000/-and were belonged to lower middle category of socio-economic status. However most of the respondents had low source of information and most of the respondents had well as the sources of irrigation and most of the respondents had high experience in orange cultivation. Findings revealed that majority of the respondents possessed medium level of knowledge about the recommended orange cultivation practices. The percent change in area under orange was 80.67 percent.
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