The hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic debilitating inflammatory disease whose etiology is not fully understood. We conducted a pilot case-control study matched by sex and age with other dermatological patients to analyze possible risk factors associated with this disease. We included 15 cases and 45 controls, 67% were women. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified significant association with smoking, higher body mass index and family history. The use of hormonal contraceptives was less frequent in women with hidradenitis.

Few cases of dermatosis neglecta have been reported in the medical literature, although the diagnosis is well-known to dermatologists. Recognizing this condition avoids unnecessary, aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. This case report discusses two cases of this condition in female patients in whom the dermatosis developed as a result of deliberate or unconscious neglect of personal hygiene. Keywords: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Hygiene Resumo: Poucos são os casos de dermatitis neglecta relatados na literatura, apesar de o diagnóstico ser conhecido pelos dermatologistas. Reconhecer o quadro evita condutas diagnósticas e terapêuticas agressivas e desnecessárias. Os autores relatam dois casos de pacientes do sexo feminino nos quais a dermatite se desenvolveu como resultado intencional ou não de negligência com o asseio pessoal.