Metal peroxide nanoparticles designed to elevate the oxidative stress are considered a promising nanotherapeutics in biomedical applications, including chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and bacterial disinfection. However, their lack of specificity towards the therapeutic target can cause toxic side effects to healthy tissues. Here, silver peroxide nanoparticles (Ag2O2 NPs) capable of controlled reactive oxygen species (ROS) release are synthesized. The release of bactericidal Ag+ ions and ROS is strictly regulated by external stimuli of ultrasound (US) and near‐infrared (NIR) light. In vitro and in vivo investigations show that the Ag2O2 NPs present enhanced antibacterial and antibiofilm capabilities with a killing efficiency >99.9999% in 10 min, significantly accelerate multi‐drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus infected skin wound closure with excellent cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility. This work not only provides the first paradigm for fabricating silver peroxide nanoparticle but also introduces a highly efficient noninvasive and safe therapeutic modality for combating bacterial infectious diseases.
Plasmon stimulation represents an appealing way to modulate enzyme mimic functions, but utilization efficiency of plasmon excitation remains relatively low. To overcome this drawback, a heterojunction composite based on graphdiyne nanowalls wrapped hollow copper sulfide nanocubes (CuS@GDY) with strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) response in the near‐infrared (NIR) region is developed. This nanozyme can concurrently harvest LSPR induced hot carriers and produce photothermal effects, resulting in dramatically increased peroxidase‐like activity when exposed to 808 nm light. Both experimental results and theoretical calculations show that the remarkable catalytic performance of CuS@GDY is due to the unique hierarchical structure, narrow bandgap of GDY nanowalls, LSPR effect of CuS nanocages, fast interfacial electron transfer dynamics, and carbon vacancies on CuS@GDY. This plasmonic nanozyme exhibits rapid, efficient, broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity (>99.999%) against diverse pathogens (methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli). This study not only sheds light on the mechanism of the nanozyme‐/photocatalysis coupling process, but also opens up a new avenue for engineering plasmonic NIR light driven nanozymes for rapid synergistic photothermal and photo‐enhanced nanozyme therapy.
Plasmon stimulation is an intriguing method to modulate the enzyme-mimic functions of nanomaterials, while utilization of plasmon excitation remains of low efficiency. Herein, by loading nitrogen-doped graphdiyne quantum dots (N-GDQDs) onto gold–silver nanocages (AuAg NCs), hollow cube-shaped N-GDQDs/AuAg NC heterostructures with strong local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) response in the near-infrared (NIR) region are reported. This nanozyme can concurrently harvest LSPR-induced hot carriers and produce photothermal effects, resulting in a significantly enhanced peroxidase-like activity upon 808 nm irradiation. Both experimental data and theoretical calculations reveal that the remarkable catalytic performance of N-GDQDs/AuAg NCs results from the narrow band gap semiconductor characteristics of N-GDQDs, LSPR effect of AuAg NCs, and fast interfacial electron transfer dynamics. Moreover, this nanozyme is demonstrated to achieve >99.999% antibacterial efficiency against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), S. aureus, and Escherichia coli in 10 min in vitro and in vivo. This study not only sheds light on the mechanism of the nanozyme/photocatalysis coupling process but also provides a new avenue for rationally designing plasmonic metal/semiconductor-involved nanozymes for synergistic photothermal and photoenhanced nanozyme therapy.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common form of hair loss, which is mainly caused by oxidative stress induced dysregulation of hair follicles (HF). Herein, a highly efficient manganese thiophosphite (MnPS 3 ) based superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimic was discovered using machine learning (ML) tools. Remarkably, the IC 50 of MnPS 3 is 3.61 μg•mL −1 , up to 12-fold lower than most reported SOD-like nanozymes. Moreover, a MnPS 3 microneedle patch (MnMNP) was constructed to treat AGA that could diffuse into the deep skin where HFs exist and remove excess reactive oxygen species. Compared with the widely used minoxidil, MnMNP exhibits higher ability on hair regeneration, even at a reduced frequency of application. This study not only provides a general guideline for the accelerated discovery of SOD-like nanozymes by ML techniques, but also shows a great potential as a next generation approach for rational design of nanozymes.
Wound infection is arguably the most common, and potentially the most devastating, complication of the wound healing process. The ideal treatment strategy has to eliminate bacteria, alleviate inflammation, and promote wound healing and skin formation. Herein, a multifunctional heterostructure is designed consisting of ultrasmall platinum–ruthenium nanoalloys and porous graphitic carbon nitride C3N5 nanosheets (denoted as PtRu/C3N5), which concurrently possesses piezoelectric enhanced oxidase ‐mimic nanozyme activity and photocatalytic hydrogen gas production capacity. Moreover, these hybrid nanotherapeutics are integrated in natural hyaluronic acid microneedles, which exhibit almost 100% broad‐spectrum antibacterial efficacy against multiple bacterial strains in vitro and in vivo within 10 min ultrasound treatment, and effectively inhibit inflammation reactions after 1 h visible light irradiation, promising for accelerating the cutaneous wound healing in the bacterial infected mice. This study highlights a competitive strategy for development of all‐in‐one antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory therapies.
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