Introduction: Perimenopause is an unavoidable stage of a woman's reproductive life that starts several years before menopause. Due to declining estrogen level, women experience physiological and psychological changes during perimenopausal period and sometimes symptoms are very distressing that affect the women’s quality of life negatively. This study was done to assess the knowledge of women about perimenopausal symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was done at Lumbini Medical college (LMC) throughout the months of November and December, 2013. Women of age 40-60 years, attending various clinics in LMC and ready to take part in the study were included. A total of 142 women were selected purposefully. The data was collected using the semi structured interview schedule. Results: The study revealed that half of respondents were between age group 40-44 years, 141 (99.3%) were married and 82 (57.7%) were literate. Three quarter of respondents (74.6%) were menstruating women. The main source of information on perimenopausal symptoms was friends and relatives (81.2%). Majority of respondents (n=90, 63.4%) had poor, 52 (33.8%) had fair and only 2.8% had good level of knowledge on perimenopausal symptoms. The respondents’ level of knowledge on perimenopausal symptoms was statistically significant with educational status (p<0.001), level of education (p=0.048) and economic status (p=0.02). Conclusion: Many women have poor knowledge on perimenopausal symptoms. The role of health care provider is that they should seriously discuss about mid-life women’s health problems including perimenopausal symptoms and treatment modality including hormonal replacement therapy so the quality of life of women can be improved.
Background: Healthcare workers have a potential risk of COVID-19 as they are at the front line of the COVID-19 outbreak response. This study aimed to assess the potential risk of COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers at COVID -19 treatment center. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study design was undertaken to conduct this study. A snowball networking sampling method was used to select the participants. Total 387 health care workers participated in the study from July 18, 2020 to September 22, 2020. The WHO COVID-19 risk assessment tool was used to collect data from study participants. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics binary logistic regression were done through SPSS 16 version. Results: There was a high level of occupational exposure (88.9%) to the COVID-19 virus and a higher potential risk of COVID-19 infection (75%) among exposed healthcare workers. Among those who had occupational exposure 7% and 21 % did not use personal protective equipment during healthcare interaction and performing aerosol generating procedures respectively. Male healthcare workers, registered nurses, medical doctors, and auxiliary nurse midwives were found the potential risk of COVID-19 infection. Healthcare workers with less supply of PPE had three times higher potential risk of COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: Healthcare workers had a higher occupational exposure and higher potential risk of COVID 19 infection. Healthcare workers had poor adherence to infection prevention and control measures. Healthcare workers should ensure proper use of personal protective equipment and adherence to infection control measures and adequate supply of PPE must be there to protect the healthcare workers from COVID-19 infection.
INTRODUCTION: There is lack of data related to smoking and alcohol intake status with concomitant health and academic related problem to medical students. Hence this study is undertaken to compare smoking and alcohol intake habits among medical students from second to fourth year of their medical education. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A self-directed questionnaire on smoking and alcohol intake habits were distributed among students of second year to fourth year who were willing to participate in this study. All participants were told to fill questions regarding their past and current history of smoking and alcohol intake anonymously. RESULTS: Out of 300 participants comprising male 201 (67%) and female 99 (33 %) medical students, the smoker was 27 (9%) and alcoholic was 61 (20.33%). There were significantly high frequency of male smoker 24 (8%) and male alcoholic 43 (14.33%) as compared to female smoker 3 (1%) and female alcoholic 18 (6%) respectively. The frequency of smoking and alcohol intake among only male participants was found to be 11.91% and 21.39% which is comparable to frequency of only female participants 3.03% and 18.18% respectively. The average cigarette consumption before joining medical school was 2.83/day but after joining it has been increased to 5.15/day. Similarly, the average alcohol intake in one sitting was observed 689.26ml after joining medical college. The average cage questionnaire score for smoker and alcoholic were 0.96 and 1.0 respectively depending on positive response. CONCLUSION: The high frequency of smoking and alcohol intake among medical students can create havoc in social, health and academic matters. The male students were observed to be more abused in such type of habit as compared to female counterpart. But it is equally important to be noted that the significant less number of female participants and social boundaries for getting cigarette and alcohol might have obscured the actual frequency of their abuse to smoke and alcohol intake. Hence, the health institution should made awareness campaign to the medical students earlier from their entry to the medical school.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v2i4.12038Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2014) Vol.02 No.04 Issue 08Page: 19-23
Background: Unsafe abortion is one of the health issue of the reproductive age women. In spite of abortion legalization, woman’s access to safe abortion is based on the knowledge related to safe abortion. Knowledge is essential part which equip women to get services and prevent from complications of unsafe abortion. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted with the objective to identify the knowledge and attitude on safe abortion among bachelor level student. Non probability total enumerative sampling technique was used to select the sample. Total of 310 respondents were included in the study. The structured pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. Pearson chi-square was used to find out the association between demographic variables and knowledge on safe abortion. Result: The result of the study showed that among the respondents majority 247(79.7%) were ≥20 years of age with mean age 21.4 years with SD 1.9. More than half 173(55.8) of respondents were female. Majority 193(62.3%) of the respondents had fair knowledge and nearly half of the respondents 154(49.7%) had positive attitude regarding safe abortion. Respondents’ knowledge on safe abortion were not significantly associated with their age, gender, marital status, ethnicity, type of family, area of residence and living arrangement. Conclusion: Despite having fair level of knowledge among majority of respondents, it is seen that half of the respondents had negative attitude towards safe abortion. This shows that there is a need for educational intervention among undergraduate students in order to change their attitude. Key words: Attitude, Knowledge, Safe Abortion, Undergraduate Students.
Adolescence is a period of both opportunities and threats. It is also a phase in life marked by vulnerability to risky sexual behavior and underprivileged reproductive health outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the perception regarding sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy among adolescents studying in secondary schools in Palpa District. A cross sectional analytical study designed was applied. Total enumerative sampling technique was used to select 407 schools going adolescents in four selected school in Palpa district. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaire. Analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS version 20. Findings showed that 56.51% of adolescents had favorable perception on sexuality, 51.84% of adolescents had favorable perception on contraceptive and 55.77% had favorable perception on teenage pregnancy. There were significant association between Sex, Grade, Ethnicity, Type of family of adolescent and level of perception on sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy where Chi-square p value is less than .05 at 5% level of significance. Based on the findings of the study, majority of adolescents had favorable perception towards sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy which suggests that adolescents were aware on sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy.
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