Introduction: Adolescent girls often have lack of knowledge and practices regarding reproductive health including menstruation. Objectives: To evaluate effectiveness of structured teaching program (STP) to increase level of knowledge and practices on menstrual hygiene among adolescent school girls. Methodology: Pre-experimental one group pre-posttest study design was applied in four government schools using power analysis for sample size calculation. Data were re- checked for its consistency and analyzed. Descriptive statistical methods were used for describing sample characteristic and inferential statistics was used to evaluate effectiveness of STP. Chi-squared test was used to examine association between selected demographic variables and pretest knowledge level of adolescent girls on menstrual hygiene. Result: The mean age of participants was 13.79 ±1.3 years (range from 11-18 years). Distribution of pre-test knowledge among respondents regarding menstrual hygiene showed, 49.21% moderate and 50.79% adequate knowledge respectively. In the case of post-test, all of them demonstrated adequate knowledge and none of them showed inadequate knowledge. Pre-test practices among respondents regarding menstrual hygiene recorded as 3.75% inadequate, 61.25% moderate and 35.0% adequate practices. The pre-test mean score for the level of knowledge was 13.36±1.64, whereas the post-test mean score was 15.8±0.73. Practice related pre-test mean score was 10.66±1.81 in comparison to, post-test mean score 13.34±0.75. There was no significant association found between knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescents with socio-demographic variables at p<0.05 level. Conclusion: It is concluded that the Structured Teaching Program is an effective strategy to improve knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene for adolescent girls.
Adolescence is a period of both opportunities and threats. It is also a phase in life marked by vulnerability to risky sexual behavior and underprivileged reproductive health outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the perception regarding sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy among adolescents studying in secondary schools in Palpa District. A cross sectional analytical study designed was applied. Total enumerative sampling technique was used to select 407 schools going adolescents in four selected school in Palpa district. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaire. Analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS version 20. Findings showed that 56.51% of adolescents had favorable perception on sexuality, 51.84% of adolescents had favorable perception on contraceptive and 55.77% had favorable perception on teenage pregnancy. There were significant association between Sex, Grade, Ethnicity, Type of family of adolescent and level of perception on sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy where Chi-square p value is less than .05 at 5% level of significance. Based on the findings of the study, majority of adolescents had favorable perception towards sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy which suggests that adolescents were aware on sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy.
Introduction: Body Mass Index (BMI) is a screening tool that indicates whether a person is underweight, healthy weight or obesity. Fast foods are commercial, ready-to-eat meals with high fat, little fiber, and minimal vitamins or calcium. This study intended to identify baseline BMI and fast foods, snacks and non-alcoholic beverages intake and expenditure on those foods among school children in an urban government school. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 463 students, studying in grade 8-12 of Tri-Padma Vidyashram Secondary School during 21/02/2021 – 12/04/2021. Non probability convenience sampling and self developed structured questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS 16 was used for analysis. BMI, frequency and amount of fast foods, snacks and non-alcoholic beverages consumption and their monthly expenditure on those foods were measured using descriptive statistics. Results: The study shows that 382(82.5%) had normal BMI, 38(8.2%) overweight, 10(2.2%) obese, 28(6.0%) were in moderate malnutrition and 5(1.1%) were in severe malnutrition; therefore, the baseline BMI is ≥-2 to ≤ + 1 SD. 458(98.92%) respondents consume fast foods, snacks and non-alcoholic beverage. Instant noodles (chowmein and packaged chow-chow) are the highly consumed fast foods 412(89.95%), followed by panipuri 394(86.02%) and samosa 386(84.27%). 263(57.42%) students/participants frequently consume fast foods, snacks and non-alcoholic beverage. The mean expenditure on fast foods, snacks and non-alcoholic beverage (Mean ± SD) is Rs.2676.82 ± 1363.43. Conclusion: Majority of the respondents have normal BMI. More than half respondents frequently consume fast foods, snacks and non-alcoholic beverage and expense much money though they study in government school. Key words: Body Mass Index (BMI), Fast foods, Non-alcoholic beverages, School children, Snacks.
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